香蕉胚性悬浮细胞分化能力及染色体数目变异研究

以野生阿宽蕉(Musa itinerans Cheesman,AA)、抗枯1号(Kangku 1,AAA)、大蕉(Musa Paradidiaca L.,ABB)3个香蕉品种为试材,研究其胚性悬浮细胞在长期继代培养后的分化能力和染色体数目的变异.结果表明,3个香蕉品种ECS在继代培养过程中,胚性悬浮细胞染色体数目均不稳定,染色体数目从6个到116个不等,各ECS均为整倍体和非整倍体组成的混倍体,随继代次数的增加,染色体数目变异的细胞比例随之增多,体细胞胚胎分化能力逐渐下降.野生阿宽蕉、抗枯1号和大蕉的ECS继代培养1.5 a后,细胞变异率分别为96.3％、93.0％和94.0％,而体胚分化能力分别为0.96×103、0.55×103、0.65×103个/mL PCV.试验为进一步研究香蕉ECS染色体变异机理提供新的线索.

Differentiation Potential and Chromosome Number of Embryogenic Suspension Cells of Musa spp. in Subculture

A study on the changes of somatic embryogenesis potential and chromosome number of embryogenic suspension cells of Musa itinerans Cheesman, Kangku 1, Musa Paradidiaca L. in subculture was undertaken. The results showed that the chromosome number of the embryogenic suspension cells of three banana varieties ranged from 6 to 116 during subculture. After subculturing, ECS were mixoploidy which contained euploid and aneuploid. The percentage of cells with chromosome number changed in ECS was increased, however the overall differentiation of somatic embryos gradually fell down accompanyied by increased number of subculture. After subcultured 1.5 a later, the ECS mutation rates of Musa itinerans Cheesman, Kangku 1, Musa Paradidiaca L. was 96.3%, 93.0% and 94.0%, and somatic embryogenesis frequency of ECS was 0.96×103, 0.55×103, 0.65×103 per mL packed cell volume respectively. The experimental results also provided new clue for further working on the mechanism of ECS variation.