条带休闲轮作对坡地土壤水分及作物产量的影响

为探索休闲轮作模式下土壤水分动态及作物产量效应,2007年-2010年在宁南半干旱区坡耕地上设置了条带隔年休闲轮作试验。结果表明,4a后,条带休闲轮作与无条带休闲轮作(对照)相比,利于提高土壤对降水的保蓄能力,显著增加0～200cm土层土壤蓄水量。拔节和抽穗期,各处理0～200cm土层土壤含水率垂直变化表现出不同的变化趋势,条带休闲轮作显著高于无条带休闲轮作模式。研究期间,条带休闲轮作均较无条带种植模式有不同程度的增产:条带种植模式的谷子和冬小麦产量较无条带种植模式分别提高了8.79%～15.52%和6.33%～14.69%,差异显著。该研究成果可为旱区坡耕地土壤扩蓄增容和作物生产研究提供参考。

Effects of rotation of strip planting and fallow on soil water and crop yield in sloping farmland

In order to seek the response of soil water dynamics and crop yields under the rotation of planting and fallow patterns, a four-year field study was conducted between 2007 and 2010 to determine the effects of the interval rotation of strip planting and fallow on soil water and crop yields in semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia, China. Results showed that compared with the interval rotation of no strip planting and fallow (CK), the interval rotation of strip planting and fallow contributed to improving the capacity of soil water conservation to collect rainfall, and significantly increased the soil water storage (0-200 cm) through the four-year experiment. During the jointing and heading stage, the vertical change of soil water content in 0-200 cm layers under different treatment showed different trends, which was significant higher in the rotation of strip planting and fallow than that in the interval rotation of no strip planting and fallow patterns. Crop yields with the interval rotation of strip planting and fallow patterns were significantly different from the interval rotation of no strip planting and fallow patterns. Compared with the interval rotation of no strip planting and fallow patterns, the millet yields increased by 8.79%-15.25% in the interval rotation of strip planting and fallow patterns, and the winter wheat yields increased by 6.33%-14.69%. These results have important significances for soil amendment and crop production in the slopping land of arid areas.