超大穗小麦穗长和小穗数的配合力及遗传模型分析

为充分挖掘超大穗小麦在遗传育种中的应用潜力，采用Griffing完全双列杂交法，以3个超大穗小麦品系及2个普通小品种为亲本材料，对超大穗小麦的主茎穗长和小穗数进行了遗传分析。结果表明，穗长和小穗数的遗传均符合加性-显性遗传模型，基因作用以加性效应为主，显性程度为部分显性。在主茎穗长上，86（306）和90（151）具有较高的一般配合力和较多控制主茎穗长遗传的显性基因，而成农151和84（79）具有较多控制穗长遗传的隐性基因；在小穗数上，86（306）和90（151）的一般配合力效应值较高，同时也具有较多控制小穗数遗传的显性基因，而小偃6号和成农151具有较多控制小穗数遗传的隐性基因。

Analysis of Combining Ability and Genetic Model on Spike Length and Number of Spikelets of Super Large Spike Wheat

The super large spike wheats were developed by Xianyang research institute of agriculture science during 1990's.for the further modification and utlization,the heredity of main characters need to be clarified.the objectives of this study were to calculate the combining ability of the main spike length and the number of spikelets in super large spike wheats using Griffing complete diallel model by crossing three super large spike wheats with two normal varieties.The result indicated that heredity of spike length and number of spikelets was in accord with addictive-dominance model,and the addictive effect was mainly in gene effect with part dominance.For the main spike length,86(306) and 90(151) had higher general combine ability and more dominant genes controlling the main spike length,while Xiannong 151 and 84(79) had more recessive genes controlling spike length.For number of spikelets,86 (306) and 90(151) had larger effect value on the general combining ability and more dominant genes controlling the heredity of number of spikelets,while Xiaoyan 6 and Xiannong 151 had more recessive genes controlling the heredity of number of spikelets.