菊芋全粉对高温胁迫下仿刺参免疫及消化功能的影响

为研究高温胁迫下菊芋全粉对仿刺参成活率、免疫因子活力、消化酶活力变化的影响,试验选取1龄幼参为研究对象,养殖一个月后,分为普通饲料组和添加15 g/kg的菊芋全粉组。模拟夏季养殖高温环境,研究菊芋全粉在18、23、28、32℃4个温度梯度下对仿刺参的影响。结果表明:在28℃以下,菊芋全粉可以显著提高成活率(P <0.05);添加菊芋全粉对免疫因子过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力没有显著影响,但是可以维持酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)在高温胁迫下的降低趋势,且在18℃(5.41±0.21)和28℃(4.81±0.64)时,可以显著提高ACP活力(P <0.05);可以维持碱性磷酸酶(AKP)相对稳定,且在23℃(8.39±0.47)和28℃(8.86±0.20)时,AKP活力显著提高(P <0.05),在28℃(2.82±0.50)和32℃(4.02±0.12)时,溶菌酶(LSZ)活力显著提高(P <0.05)。在消化酶活性方面,菊芋全粉对蛋白酶和脂肪酶的影响不大,但是可以显著改善高温胁迫下淀粉酶活力降低趋势(P <0.05)。综上,菊芋全粉可以在一定程度上提高仿刺参对温度的耐受能力,试验结果为菊芋全粉在高温胁迫下仿刺参的养殖应用提供了理论依据。

Effects of Jerusalem artichoke powder on the immunity and digestive function of Apostichopus japonicus under high temperature stress

The purpose of this study was to study the effects of Jerusalem artichoke powder on the growth performance,immune factor activity and digestive enzyme activity of Apostichopus japonicus under high temperature stress.In this study,we used 1-year-old juveniles as the experimental animals which were divided into the normal diet group and the whole Jerusalem artichoke powder group with 15 g/kg added,after cultivated for one month.High temperatures were imitated and the influence of whole Jerusalem artichoke powder on animals under four temperature gradients of 18,23,28 ℃ and 32 ℃ was studied.The results showed that: under28 ℃,Jerusalem artichoke powder could significantly increase the survival rate(P < 0.05);it had no significant effect on the activity of immune factor catalase(CAT),but it could maintain the decreasing trend of acid phosphatase(ACP) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) under high temperature stress,and significantly increased the activity of ACP at 18 ℃ and 28 ℃ (P < 0.05).Jerusalem artichoke powder could maintain the relative stability of alkaline phosphatase(AKP),and the AKP activity was significantly increased at 23 ℃ and 28 ℃ (P< 0.05),while lysozyme(LSZ) activity significantly increased at 28 ℃ and 32 ℃ (P < 0.05).In terms of digestive enzyme activity,Jerusalem artichoke powder had little influence on protease and lipase,but could significantly improve the decreasing trend of amylase activity under high temperature stress(P < 0.05).The results indicated that the whole powder of Jerusalem artichoke could improve the tolerance of Apostichopus japonicus under high temperature to a certain extent and provided a theoretical basis for the cultivation of Apostichopus japonicus under high temperature stress.