日粮添加干桑叶对郏县红牛生长性能、屠宰性能和肉质性状影响的研究

试验旨在研究日粮中添加桑叶对郏县红牛生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选择健康、体重相近的12月龄郏县红牛公牛40头,随机分为4组。按照添加不同干桑叶比例分为对照组(青贮玉米+精料)、试验Ⅰ组(10%干桑叶+青贮玉米+精料)、试验Ⅱ组(15%干桑叶+青贮玉米+精料)、试验Ⅲ组(20%干桑叶+青贮玉米+精料)。预试期7 d,正式试验期180 d。结果表明:Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的平均日增重和平均采食量都高于对照组,平均日增重分别高5.10%、12.24%,差异显著(P<0.05),平均采食量分别高1.15%、2.94%,差异不显著(P>0.05),3个试验组料重比均低于对照组。Ⅱ组郏县红牛背膘厚度和大理石纹等级显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。相比对照组,Ⅱ组粗脂肪、粗蛋白质含量提高了24.02%、7.89%。各组间背最长肌氨基酸的影响无显著性差异(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的总氨基酸比对照组分别提高了1.57%、2.07%和3.79%。随着添加比例增加,饱和脂肪酸含量逐渐下降,不饱和脂肪酸随着添加比例的增加而升高。试验表明,日龄添加干桑叶对郏县红牛生产性能无显著影响,但是可以提高粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、总氨基酸和不饱和脂肪酸含量,有助于优质肉牛生产。

Effect of adding dry mulberry leaves to diets on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of Jiaxian red cattle

The experiment was to study the effect of mulberry leaves on the growth performance, slaughter performance and meat quality of Jiaxian red cattle. 40 healthy, weight-matched 12-month-old Jiaxian red cattles were randomly divided into four groups. According to the ratio of adding different dry mulberry leaves, it was divided into control group(silage corn+concentrate), test group Ⅰ(10% dry mulberry leaf+silage corn + concentrate), test group Ⅱ(15% dried mulberry leaves+silage corn+concentrate) and test group Ⅲ(20% dried mulberry leaves+silage corn + concentrate). The pre-test period was 7 days and the trial period was 180 days. The results showed that the average daily gain and feed intake of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were higher than that of control group, the daily weight gain was 5.10% and 12.24% higher than that of control group, respectively, and the difference was significant(P<0.05). The feed intake was 1.15% and 2.94% higher than that of control group, and the difference was not significant(P>0.05). The weight-to-gain ratio of the three test groups was lower than that of control group. The thickness and marbled grade of the red calves in the second group were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the crude fat and crude protein content of group Ⅱ increased by 24.02% and 7.89%. There was no significant difference in the amino acids of the longissimus muscle between the groups(P>0.05), the total amino acids of the test groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were increased by 1.57%, 2.07% and 3.79%, respectively. As the proportion of addition increases, the content of saturated fatty acids gradually decreases, and the unsaturated fatty acids increase as the proportion of addition increases. The experiment showed that the addition of 15% mulberry leaves at the age of the day can promote the growth performance, slaughter performance and contribute to the production of high quality beef cattle.