植物原料替代鱼粉鱼油对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、体组成成分及生化指标的影响

为研究植物原料替代饲料中鱼粉及鱼油对大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus L.生长及生理生化指标的影响,以体质量(35.95±0.05)g的大菱鲆幼鱼为研究对象,试验设置鱼粉鱼油组(鱼粉+鱼油)、鱼油组(植物蛋白+鱼油)、芥花油组(植物蛋白+芥花油)和豆油组(植物蛋白+豆油)4个处理组,每个处理组设3个重复,...

Effects of replacing fishmeal and fish oil by plant-derived ingredients on growth,body composition,and biochemical indices of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus L.

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing fishmeal and fish oil by plant-derived ingredients on growth,body composition,biochemical antioxidant enzyme activities and immunity indices of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus L.with initial body mass of(35.95±0.05)g.The juvenile turbot was reared in a 80 cm in height×70 cm in diameter×50 cm in water depth bucket at stocking density of 30 fish per tank and fed 4 diets containing both fishmeal and fish oil(FMFO),plant protein and fish oil(FO),plant protein and canola oil(CAN),and plant protein and soybean oil(SOY)at water temperature of(17.0±0.5)℃with triplication for 55 days.The results showed that there were significantly higher weight gain rate,specific growth rate,and protein efficient rate and lower food conversion ratio in the turbot fed diets SOY and FMFO(P<0.05)than those in the other groups.Lipid efficiency rate and crude lipid contents in whole fish were significantly higher in FMFO group and SOY group than those in the other groups(P<0.05).While essential amino acid content(EAAs)in whole fish was significantly lower in FMFO group than that in others(P<0.05),with high in diet SOY(P<0.05).There were significantly lower eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)contents in whole fish and liver of turbot fed CAN and SOY than those in FMFO and FO(P<0.05).Compared to FMFO,significant increase in levels of serum triglyceride,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and activities of alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)was observed in the turbot fed CAN and SOY(P<0.05).The turbot fed CAN and SOY had significantly lower lysozyme and glutathione peroxidase activities in serum and liver than the turbot in FMFO group did(P<0.05),indicating that the overall liver antioxidant activity of each replacement group was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The findings indicated that substituting plant raw materials for fishmeal and fish oil reduced the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of juvenile turbot to a certain extent,but under this experimental conditions,the effect of mixing plant protein with soybean oil and algae meal instead of fishmeal and fish oil is relatively better.It is expected to become an ideal feed for replacing fishmeal and fish oil,and can be used as suitable dietary ingredients.