铁茬高产夏玉米品种产量和植株性状间关系分析

为选择铁茬条件下夏玉米的适播品种,试验采用单因素随机区组方法对20个玉米品种(品系)在小麦收获后铁茬播种条件下的产量、生物产量、经济系数和穗部性状等进行了研究。结果表明,燕202、浚单22、雅玉12、郑单958和矮225在中等肥力土壤下可以达到9000kg/hm2高产水平,穗数>60000穗/hm2、穗粒数420￣515粒/穗、公顷粒数>2778万粒、千粒重>280g、生物产量>16300kg/hm2、经济系数>0.54、出米率(88±1.34)%。大穗型品种、特别是平展大穗型品种无高产优势。相关分析表明,产量与经济系数、收获穗数、公顷粒数、生物产量成极显著正相关。中小穗型品种穗粗、穗行数与产量显著正相关对产量影响较大;大穗型品种产量与穗粗为负相关,且产量与穗长、行粒数和出米率关系最为密切。

Analysis on Yield and Plant Characters of Direct-Drilled High-Yielding Summer Corn

In order to choose well-sowing summer maize hybrid in direct drilling, study on yield, biomass, harvest index, and ear characters of 20 hybrids was conducted by using randomized design following winter wheat harvested. The result showed that yield of yan202, xundan22, yayu12, zhengdan958 and ai225 could reach 9000 kg/hm2, with more than 60000 ears·hm-2, 420~515 grains ear-1, total grain more than 27.78 million·hm-2, seed weight >280mg, harvest index >0.54, biomass >16300kg/hm2, grains weight ratio ear-1 88±1.34%. The big-eard hybrids, especial flat-leaf ones had little yield advantage. Analysis of correlation showed that yield was very significantly correlated with harvest index, ears hm-2, and grains hm-2and biomass. Ear diameter and rows number ear-1 were significantly correlated with yield for small and middle-eared hybrids, but for big-eard hybrids, Ear diameter was negatively correlated with yield that tied closed up with ear length, grains row-1 and grains weight to ear weight.