茎瘤芥（榨菜）性状间的遗传相关性研究

以23份茎瘤芥地方品种为试材,采用基因型单因素遗传设计,对15个数量性状的遗传相关及其遗传相关贡献进行了分析。结果表明:性状间的遗传相关系数绝大多数大于表型相关系数,且方向基本一致。瘤茎产量与营养生长期、瘤茎膨大期、瘤茎横径、茎/叶、株鲜重呈极显著遗传正相关,与菜形指数、菜皮百分率呈极显著遗传负相关,与其余性状相关均未达显著水平;与瘤茎产量显著相关的性状间关系密切,有很好的协同性,分析提出茎瘤芥育种选择熟性晚、瘤茎横径大、茎/叶高和植株个体较大的品种,可实现品种产量高、生态适应性强和瘤茎品质较佳等三者的协调统一。瘤茎膨大期、营养生长期、瘤茎横径、茎/叶、瘤茎产量等性状的遗传相关贡献较大,对其进行选择可能引起其它数量性状比较显著的变化;而瘤茎纵径、出苗至瘤茎膨大始期、叶长、叶宽、空心率等性状的遗传相关贡献较小,对它们进行选择可获得较稳定的进展。

Analysis on the Genetic Correlation among Quantitative Characters in Tumorous Stem Mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen et Lee)

23 tumorous stem mustard local varieties were used to analyze heredity correlation and the heredity correlation contribution of 15 quantities characters by means of genetic design of one factor. The results showed that most character heredity correlation coefficients was bigger than the phenotype correlation coefficients, also the direction was basically consistent. Tumorous stem yield was only significantly hereditarily positively correlated with vegetative duration, developmental duration, ratio of stem and leaf, horizontal length and whole plant fresh weight, negatively fur percentage and tumorous stem index. There were close relation and harmonies among the quantities characters that were significantly hereditarily correlated with tumorous stem yield. High yield breeding combining with strong ecological adaptability and good quality should be largely based on later maturity, tumorous stem diameter, whole plant weight and higher ratio of stem and leaf. Heredity correlation contribution were higher for vegetative duration, developmental duration, ratio of stem and leaf, horizontal length and tumorous stem yield, lower for leaf width, emergence to developing beginning, vertical length, leaf length, and hollow heart percentage, etc. It was possible to cause more significant variation of other traits if the former was selected.