区域生态系统健康评价方法与应用研究

基于区域尺度,以活力、组织结构、恢复力为生态系统健康度的表征,选取21个评价指标,构建3个层次指标体系,在专家群咨询指导意见的基础上,借鉴生态系统医学理论划分健康等级,根据客观赋值变异系数法确定指标权重,用极差法对参评指标进行标准量化,并建立生态系统健康综合评价模型;以山东省垦利县生态系统为例,从时间纵向上判断区域生态系统健康的走势。评价结果表明:1996—2003年,垦利县的生态系统健康综合评价值由0.3664缓慢上升至0.7951,2003年生态系统属于亚健康状态,表明垦利县自然生态环境与社会、经济发展的协调性在逐渐加强,部分指标有所恶化。

Ecosystem Health Evaluation Methodologies and Application Research on Regional Dimension

Based on regional scale, ecology vigor, organization and resilience, which are the three important aspects in ecosystem framework, were used as three vital standards to assess ecosystem health state in the paper. Using the experience of medical theories for reference, 21 evaluation indicators in the factor layer on the basis of the expert were selected to judge the ecosystem health state. Weight was determined in coefficient of variability method. The indicators were measured according to the range method, then the integrated assessment model was established. Take Kenli County for example, trend of the ecological system health was judged from the lengthways time. The evaluation results indicated that the evaluation score of ecosystem health got from 0.3664 to 0.7951 slowly during 1996 and 2003. The ecosystem health state in 2003 was inferior healthy. It indicated that the natural ecological environment, society and economic development were becoming more and more harmonious in a mass, although some indicators were deteriorated.