Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oil from the Rhizomes of Iris bulleyana

Iris bulleyana has long been used as a remedy for detoxication and detumescence.Hydrodistillation was used to extract the essential oil from its rhizomes,and 0.23% oil yield was obtained.Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis,31 chemicals including aristolone,euparene,β-gurjunene,δ-amorphene,α-muurolene,α-cadinol,camphor,γ-elemene,and τ-eadinol were identified.The essential oil exhibited antibacterial activity against Acetobacter calcoacetica,Bacillus subtillis,Clostridium sporogenes,Clostridium perfringens,Escherichia coli,Salmonella typhii,Staphylococcus aureus,and Yersinia enterocolitica.Its antifungal and antioxidant activities were also tested.