五种杀菌剂对花生褐斑病菌室内毒力的影响和田间药效

为了筛选对花生褐斑病田间防治效果好的杀菌剂,结合室内毒力测定(菌丝生长速率法和载玻片萌发法)和田间小区药效试验对四种杀菌剂与常规使用的杀菌剂多菌灵进行了比较。结果表明,室内毒力测定中,多菌灵对菌丝的抑制效果最强,抑菌率为91.4%;其余四种供试杀菌剂中以咪酰胺效果最好,抑菌率达85.6%;王铜效果最差;多菌灵对分生孢子的抑制率为60.9%,其余四种杀菌剂效果差异不显著。田间药效试验结果显示,咪酰胺2 000mg/kg对花生褐斑病的田间防治效果达60.62%,远远高于对照药剂多菌灵(15.53%)以及其它三种供试杀菌剂(王铜、爱可和戊唑醇)。此外咪酰胺比清水对照增产32.28%,也远远高于其它几种药剂。通过室内毒力试验和田间药效试验表明,田间杀菌剂防治花生褐斑病时,咪酰胺比对照药剂多菌灵具有更好的防治效果,适用于花生褐斑病重病地区。

Indoor toxicity and field control effects of several fungicides against Cercospora arachidicola

In order to evaluate the control effect of five fungicides on peanut early leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora arachidicola Hori,the inhibitory effects on mycelium growth,spore germination and control effect in the field of five fungicides were determined.Results indicated that carbendazim was the best among them with inhibitory rate of 91.4% on mycelium growth and 60.9% on spore germination.Prochloraz was also showed good inhibitory effect with 85.6% inhibitory rate on mycelium growth.No significant difference was found among other 3 fungicides(including cupric,Aike and tebuconazole).In field test,2 000mg/kg prochloraz was the best to control the disease with effect of 60.62% and increased the yield of 32.28% compared to water control.According to the indoor toxicity test and field control tests,prochloraz was the best fungicide among the five to control peanut early leaf spot disease.