Imaging the Mott insulator shells by using atomic clock shifts |
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Authors: | Campbell Gretchen K Mun Jongchul Boyd Micah Medley Patrick Leanhardt Aaron E Marcassa Luis G Pritchard David E Ketterle Wolfgang |
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Affiliation: | MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. gcampbel@mit.edu |
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Abstract: | Microwave spectroscopy was used to probe the superfluid-Mott insulator transition of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a three-dimensional optical lattice. By using density-dependent transition frequency shifts, we were able to spectroscopically distinguish sites with different occupation numbers and to directly image sites with occupation numbers from one to five, revealing the shell structure of the Mott insulator phase. We used this spectroscopy to determine the onsite interaction and lifetime for individual shells. |
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