五种鱼的鳞被复盖过程及其同生长的关系

用茜素红染色法观察研究了904尾鲤鱼、429尾草鱼、637尾鲢鱼、70尾鳙鱼及243尾尼罗罗非鱼的仔幼鱼。五种鱼鳞片出现时全长分别为：16—19，17—19，27—32，26—31，10-14mm。完成鳞被复盖时的全长分别为24—30，24—28，47—55，48—58，19—22mm。五种鱼鳞片出现均始于侧线，但出现部位和复盖过程可分为两类：鲤、草鱼、鲢及鳙的鳞片首先出现于躯干前部，为由前向后发展型，至于具体扩展过程，鲤与草鱼相似，鲢与鳙相同；罗非鱼的鳞片首先出现于尾柄，为由后向前发展型。鳞片出现、复盖过程同全长及年龄的关系的比较观察和回归分析表明，这一过程的始末及速度主要同体长增长有关，同年龄关系不大。鳞被发育过程不仅反映了不同鱼类的不同生长规律，亦可能有助于认识鱼类间的亲缘关系。

THE SCALE FDRMATIQN PRUCESS AND ITS RELATIUN TO THE GROWTH OF FIVE SPECIES OF FISH

The sale formation of common carp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp and tilapia w ere studied by using the aliaarin red method. The first appearance of scales at a Total lngth of 16-19 mm, 17-19 mm, 21--32 mm, 26--31 mm and 10-13 mm respa for the 5 species of fish and the formation completed at 24-30 mm, 2-2$ znm, 47-55,48-55 mna and 19-21 mm total length respectioely.scales first appem,red along the lateral Iine all species which could be separated into categories according to the region o# first scale appearance and the pattern of scale dev elopment.commom carp, grass carp, silver carp and bigheadcarp, scales first appeared behind thH operculum, and developruent took place from anterior to posterior. In tilapia, scales first appeared on the caudal peduncle and developed anteriorly. The carps could be further subdivided, based on the detailed pattern of scale development, common and grass carp in one group, and silver and bighead carp in another.Regression of scale formation parameters upon fish length. and :age showed that the initiation and termination of scale formation as well as certain deiTelopmantal patterns were closely related. to body length, but insignificantly to age.Tha pattern of scale development not only reflects that growth law which is applicable to each species,but also reflacts the evolutionary relationships amom fish species.