洪泽湖输沙淤积、底泥理化特性及重金属污染变化特征分析

基于洪泽湖近20年来的相关研究，对洪泽湖输沙量和底泥的分布特征及理化性质各指标的含量等数据进行了搜集处理和分析。统计和分析了相关理化性质的空间特征分布与变化趋势，洪泽湖入湖输沙量大于出湖输沙量，呈淤积状态；对洪泽湖底泥中的总氮、总磷、重金属等进行了评价，重金属大部分元素达到土壤评价二级标准，重金属污染属于重污染，与镉浓度含量超标有关。提出了防治洪泽湖底泥污染的措施。

Study on Floating Sand Accumulation, Physicochemical Characteristics and Heavy Metal Pollution in the Sediment of Lake Hongze

Based on related researches on Lake Hongze in recent 20 years, data of characters and physicochemical properties of Lake Hongze sediments and sediments runoff were collected and analyzed. Sediment runoff into the lake exceeds that out of the lake which made it in silting situation. The distribution and variation tendency of certain physicochemical properties were analyzed and evaluated. TN, TP and heavy metal concentrations in the sediments were evaluated. Most heavy metals achieved secondary standard of sediment evaluation. The severe pollution of heavy metals was related to super standard of Cd concentration. The precaution and control measures for Hongzehu Lake sediment pollutions were set forth. Using data about Lake Hongze from related researches in recent 20 years, this study calculated its floating sand balance by its income and outcome, and investigated its sediment geochemical characteristics and status of heavy metal pollution. Long-term floating sand data analyses showed that its income exceeds its outcome which makes the lake sediment accumulation. The spatial distribution and temporal variation tendency of several geochemical valuables were investigated including TN, TP and heavy metals. Most heavy metal concentrations in sediment of the lake exceed the second rank standard in the heavy metal pollution classification, whereas Cd concentration exceeds the third one, which means severe heavy metals pollution. Some suggestions are presented for the precaution and control of sediment pollutions in the lake.