乌鲁木齐市彩叶树种资源及其园林应用调查与分析

乌鲁木齐市彩叶树种共有17科46种,其中秋色叶树种比例最大(39种,占总数的84.78%),常色叶(4种)和春秋色叶树种类(3种)很少。多数秋色叶树种彩叶期集中在10月至11月,但到11月中旬后实际可观赏的彩叶树种类逐渐减少;常色叶和春秋色叶树种彩叶期虽然很长,但在园林彩叶景观中的作用微小。彩叶树种园林配植类型有:孤植、丛植、色块与基础种植、列植、垂直绿化等。主要存在彩叶树种单调;种类比例结构及配植不合理;重区外引种,轻自主选育和本地资源开发;苗木生产不够规范,受市场不良炒作影响大等问题。建议挖掘本地彩叶树种资源,引进急需树种;优化配植,扩大应用范围,提高养护管理水平。

Investigation and Analysis on Application of Resources of Colored-leaf Tree and Gardens in Urumqi City

There are 46 kinds of colored-leaf trees in Urumqi city which belong to 17 family,among which the autumn colored-leaf trees account for maximum proportion（39 species,accounting for 84.78% of total）;There are only 3 or 4 colored in all seasons or in spring and autumn.Phonological period of these colored-leaf trees briefly occurred from October to November,but from the middle ten-day period of November,number of colored-leaf trees gradually decrease.Although the colorful period of the trees of colored all season or in spring and autumn is very long,the functions are very limit in gardens application.Type of gardening deployment of colored-leaf trees are follows：planting alone,planting cluster,planting base on foundations,planting alien,planting vertically etc.The main existing problems of type of colored-leaf trees are monotonous;The variety proportion structure and deployment of colored-leaf trees are not reasonable;The varieties introduced from out-region were much payed attention to,but independent breeding and the local resources development were comparatively despised.The nursery stock production were conform to the standard,which were much more affected by the market etc.It suggested that the local resources of colored-leaf tree should have excavated,the much-needed tree species should have introduced,the development of colored-tree should have optimized,the application field should have expanded,the management levels should have increased.