云南省小麦品种苗期抗白粉病基因推导

为了解云南小麦品种的抗白粉病基因背景,采用20个不同毒性谱的小麦白粉菌株,对42个云南小麦重要生产品种进行了苗期抗白粉基因推导,并结合系谱进行溯源分析。结果表明,42个品种共推导出Pm4a、Pm5b(Mli)、Pm6、Pm8、Pm21、Pm30和Pm34共7个抗白粉基因,分布于16个品种中。其中,Pm8和Pm34出现频率最高,分别出现在4个品种中,Pm30次之,出现在3个品种中,Pm6和Pm21分别出现在2个品种中,而Pm4a及Pm5b(Mli)仅在个别品种中出现。有16个品种无法推导其抗白粉基因,可能含供试基因以外的其他抗白粉病基因。098-2、昆麦4号、玉09-5和宜系96-6含有效的未知抗白粉病基因,云麦101、云麦57、SH710、楚麦10号、楚06-9、楚2008鉴-4等6个品种不含供试的抗白粉基因。云南小麦生产品种中,含有效的已知和未知抗白粉基因品种占16.7%,这些品种可适当扩大种植面积,注意不同基因的合理布局;丧失抗性的品种占33.3%,应尽量压缩面积;含Pm30和Pm34新基因和本次未能推导出结果的品种占50%,有待进一步评价,目前可根据表型抗性酌情利用。

Postulation of Seedlings Resistance Genes to Powdery Mildew in Wheat Commercial Cultivars from Yunnan Province

To characterize powdery mildew resistance gene(s) in commercial wheat cultivars from Yunnan province and provide information for its rational deployment in breeding programs,the seedlings of 42 cultivars were inoculated with 20 differential isolates of Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici to postulate their resistance genes.The results were then validated via pedigree analysis.The results indicated that seven Pm genes were characterized in 16 cultivars.They were Pm4a,Pm5b(Mli),Pm6,Pm8,Pm21,Pm30 and Pm34.Pm8 and Pm34 were the most postulated genes carried by four cultivars,respectively.Pm30 was the second and presented in three cultivars.Pm6 and Pm21 presented in two cultivars,respectively.Pm4a and Pm5b(Mli) only presented in one cultivar,respectively.There were 16 cultivars which can not be characterized.They might carry other gene(s) except those tested in this study.Cultivar 098-2,Kunmai No.4,Yu 09-5 and Yixi 96-6 carried effective unknown mildew resistance gene(s).Yunmai 101,Yunmai 57,SH710,Chumai No.10,Chu 06-9 and Chu 2008 Jian-4 carried none of the 20 Pm gene(s) tested.The tested wheat cultivars carrying effective Pm gene(s) accounted for 16.7% and could be recommended for further extension.The cultivars which showed lost resistance accounted for 33.3%.They should be withdrawn from wheat production as much as possible.The cultivars carrying new Pm genes Pm30,Pm34 and unknown gene(s) accounted for 50% and should be further studied and utilized according to their phenotypic resistance.