黄岛区南部海域营养水平和有机污染状况分析与评价

利用2008-2013年水质调查资料，分析了青岛市黄岛区南部海域营养盐分布与变化特征，并采用营养指数(E)法和有机污染综合指数(A)法对该海域海水的营养状况和有机污染状况进行了评价。结果显示，(1) 2012-2013年调查期间，无机氮含量范围为20.82-197.62 µg/L，活性磷酸盐为4.52-52.91 µg/L，COD为0.39-1.25 mg/L。除个别站点活性磷酸盐含量超标外，其余站点活性磷酸盐含量以及全部站点无机氮和COD含量均符合二类海水水质标准要求。(2) 调查海域无机氮以春季最高(86.42 µg/L)，秋季次之，夏季最低(38.59 µg/L)；活性磷酸盐以秋季最高(18.68 µg/L)，春季次之，夏季最低(9.10 µg/L)；COD以夏季最高(0.962 mg/L)，秋季次之，春季最低(0.682 mg/L)。(3) 调查海域无机氮和COD含量2008-2011年呈逐年降低的变化趋势，2012年又有所增高；活性磷酸盐含量2008-2010年呈逐年降低的变化趋势，2010–-2012年呈逐年增高的变化趋势。研究表明，调查海域海水的营养水平较低，未达到富营养化水平，发生赤潮的可能性较小。调查海域水质状况良好，未受到有机污染。

Analysis and Evaluation on Nutritional Status and Organic Pollution Condition in the Southern Offshore Area of Huangdao District of Qingdao City

The current study analyzed the distributional and variational feature of nutrients of seawater in the southern offshore area of Huangdao District based on the environmental data collected by surveys from 2008 to 2013. The methods of Eutrophication Index (E) and Organic Pollution Comprehensive Index (A) were used to assess nutritional status and organic pollution condition of seawater. Based on the surveys from 2012 to 2013, the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphate(DIP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) varied within 20.82-197.62 µg/L, 4.52- 52.91 µg/L and 0.39-1.25 mg/L, respectively. Except one station that the concentration of DIP was above the standard limit, all other concentration including DIP, DIN and COD met the second class of national standard. In three seasons, the highest concentration of DIN (86.42 µg/L) was in the spring, and the lowest (38.59 µg/L) was in the summer. The highest concentration of DIP (18.68 µg/L) was in the autumn, and the lowest (9.10 µg/L) was in the summer. The highest concentrations of COD (0.962 mg/L) was in the summer, and the lowest (0.682 mg/L) was in the spring. The concentrations of DIN and COD was gradually decreased from 2008 to 2011 and then was increased in 2012. The concentration of DIP was gradually decreased from 2008 to 2010 and then was gradually increased from 2010 to 2012. The seawater of the surveyed area was at oligotrophic level, showing the low possibility of red tide occurrence. The water quality in the surveyed area was good, indicating that seawater was not polluted by organic matters.