基于电子鼻技术的鱼露与鱼酿酱油的品质分析

通过电子鼻获取鱼露、鱼酿酱油和生抽的气味信息，进行主成分分析(PCA)、线性判别分析(LDA)和负荷加载分析(Loadings)，并结合氨基酸态氮、盐分、全氮和游离氨基酸含量，对比分析3种调味品的品质。结果显示，3种调味品中游离氨基酸种类丰富，鱼露中苏氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、甲硫氨酸、赖氨酸的含量明显高于鱼酿酱油和生抽；生抽和鱼酿酱油中鲜味氨基酸的含量明显高于鱼露，但生抽中必需氨基酸的含量远低于鱼酿酱油和鱼露；3种调味品挥发性成分复杂，电子鼻10个金属传感器能很好地区分3种调味品的挥发性气味，W5S、W1S、W2S号传感器比其他7个传感器有更高的响应值，其中W2S号传感器的响应值变化最显著。这说明电子鼻能较好地区分鱼露、鱼酿酱油和生抽，虽然3种调味品中第1、2主成分相同，但醇类、氮氧化合物类物质对第1、2主成分的贡献率不同。

The Quality Analysis of Fish Sauce and Fish Soy Sauce using Electronic Nose

In this study, we analyzed the qualities of fish sauce, fish soy sauce and light soy sauce using the electronic nose. An electronic nose captured the flavors of light soy sauce, fish sauce and fish soy sauce, and the information was assessed with principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and loadings analysis. The qualities of the sauces were then determined with the results above together with factors such as amino acid nitrogen, total nitrogen, salinity and the content of free amino acids. The results showed that fish sauce and light soy sauce were first-class products, and that fish soy sauce was a super product. There were a variety of free amino acids in the three sauces. The contents of threonine, glycine, alanine, methionine and lysine in fish sauce were higher than those in fish soy sauce and light soy sauce. The content of flavor amino acids in light soy sauce and fish soy sauce was significantly higher than that in fish sauce. This was because sodium glutamate was added into fish soy sauce and light soy sauce, but there was no added substance in fish sauce. However, the content of essential amino acids in light soy sauce was the lowest. The flavors in the light soy sauce, fish sauce and fish soy sauce were complex. The electronic nose responded differently to the three kinds of sauce, and the ten sensors of the electronic nose could distinguish the flavors in fish sauce, fish soy sauce and light soy sauce. Sensors W5S, W1S and W2S had a relatively higher resistivity than others, and the W2S sensor played an important role in recognizing the first and the second principal components. These enabled the electronic nose to identify light soy sauce, fish sauce and fish soy sauce .The first and the second principal components were the same in all three sauces, but the contribution rate of ethanol and nitrogen oxides was different to the first and to the second principal components.