三维立体强化栽培密度和氮肥管理对水稻产量及氮素吸收利用的影响

以杂交水稻冈优725为材料,研究四川盆地西北部三维立体强化栽培不同栽培密度(行窝距)和施氮量对水稻产量、氮素吸收利用的影响,并探讨氮素积累、利用与产量间的关系。结果表明:各处理间水稻产量差异显著。抽穗期和成熟期水稻植株氮素总积累量与产量间呈极显著正相关。产量与土壤氮素依存率的相关性不显著(r=0.456),与氮素表观利用率的相关性也不显著(r=0.449),与氮素农学利用率的相关性达极显著水平(r=0.832**)。结合产量与水稻氮素吸收、利用状况及其之间的关系的表现,在本试验中,三维立体强化栽培的最佳栽培密度为45 cm×45 cm,施氮水平为150 kg.hm-2。此处理下,水稻产量极显著高于其他处理,植株氮素积累量最高,为129.9 kg.hm-2,穗中氮素积累量占植株总吸氮量的百分比最高,为72.51%。

Effect of Planting Density and Nitrogen on N Absorption, Utilization and Yield of Rice under Triangle System of Rice Intensification (TSRI)

Hybrid rice combination Gangyou 725 was used to investigate the effect of different transplanting density and amount of N fertilizer on rice yield and N absorption and utilization under triangle system of rice intensification in the northwest of Sichuan Basin,and the relationship between yield and N absorption and utilization was studied.The results showed that the difference of rice yield between all models was significant.There were highly and significantly positive correlations between yield and N absorption at the heading stage and maturation stage.And there was no relathionship between yield and soil N dependent rate(r=0.456) and apparent N recovery efficiency(r=0.449),but there was highly significant correlation between yield and agronomic N use efficiency(r=0.832**).Combining rice yield and N absorption and utilization and its ralationship performance,transplanting density of 45 cm×45 cm and amount of N fertilizer,150 kg·hm-2 was the best model in this trial.In this model,the rice yield was the highest,and the amount of N uptaken by plant was 129.9 kg·hm-2,and it was the highest too.and the amount of N uptaken by grain accounted for the highest percentage of amount of N uptaken by plant, reaching to 72.51 %.