抗草甘膦转EPSPS大豆的基因漂移研究

以抗草甘膦转EPSPS基因大豆和不同生长类型的非转基因大豆为材料,通过表型筛选及PCR分子检测,分析不同方向和距离条件下转基因大豆中外源基因通过花粉向非转基因大豆的漂移率,为制定转基因大豆安全种植隔离措施提供依据。结果表明,不同生长类型大豆的基因漂移率明显不同,以育成品系ZZH015最高,在70 612株中的漂移率为0.45%;半蔓生地方品种DPZ722次之,164 449株中漂移率为0.01%,而195 088株野生大豆YDD080中没有检测到基因漂移。方差分析表明,漂移率在不同距离和方向条件下均有显著差异,随着距离的增加不断递减。在5 m处漂移率为0.03%,而在29 m处降至0.001%。基因漂移在下风口方向发生较多,表明风媒可能是影响基因漂移分布的重要因素。如果以1%基因漂移率为阈值,无论是自然条件下还是随机选取1 000粒检测,漂移率都低于阈值,表明转EPSPS基因大豆的基因漂移可以忽略不计。

Gene Flowing of Genetically Modified Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean with EPSPS

The study of gene flow is one of the most important part of assessing the environmental safety of transgenic crops.In order to determine the frequency of gene flow from glyphosate-resistant transgenic soybean to nontransgenic soybeans in field condition and provide evidence for formulating security procedure of transgenic crops planting,we planted released cultivar,semi-rampant landrace and wild soybeans around the pollen donor at six different distances in eight directions.The frequency of gene flow was obviously varied with evolution types of soybean.The average outcrossing rate was 0.01% and 0.45% in 164 449 plants of semi-rampant landrace ’DPZ722’ and 70 612 plants of selected cultivar ’ZZH015’,respectively.There was no gene flow in 195 088 plants of wild soybean ’YDD080’.Analysis of variance showed that the rate of gene flow in different distances and direction were significant.The gene flow frequency declined from 0.03% to 0.001% with the isolated distance increase from 5 m to 29 m.Most of the gene flow occurred under the tuyere.Taking 1% as the threshold,the frequency of gene flow under natural condition or random choose 1 000 plants to test were lower than 1%,which can be ignored.