SSR标记的彩色马铃薯遗传多样性分析及指纹图谱构建

彩色马铃薯(指块茎的皮或肉为红、蓝、紫、橙色等)近年来日益为育种工作者所关注,很多彩色马铃薯品种(系)从形态学上难以鉴定是否为同一基因型,给育种工作带来诸多不便。本研究利用SSR标记对50份彩色马铃薯(Solanum tuberosumL.)材料进行了遗传多样性分析及指纹图谱构建。研究筛选出56对马铃薯SSR引物,对50份材料的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,共检测出236个等位位点,其中多态性位点230个,多态性比率达97.46%。分析显示,基因型间遗传相似性系数在0.50~1.00之间。UPGMA聚类分析表明,在相似系数0.63处可将全部材料分为3大类。利用5对核心引物构建了50份供试材料的指纹图谱,并证明其属于44个基因型的,为彩色马铃薯资源鉴定和利用提供了依据。

Genetic Diversity and Fingerprinting of 50 Pigmented Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Genetypes with SSR Markers

Pigments of potato tubers have been suggested the benefits for human beings health and have attracted interests in science which approach to their genetic improvement, and in fresh and industrial markets which have potentials of added-values. Little information is available for diversity of pigmented potato germplasms resulted in a bottle-neck of selection and enhancement of suitable parental materials for the potato breeding. In present research, SSR markers were employed to clarify the genetic diversity and to establish the fingerprinting of 50 pigmented potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes which were available in existed breeding programs. The results showed that 56 pairs of SSR primers having polymorphism were selected by screening over 200 SSR markers. A total of 236 alleles were identified, of which 230 were polymorphic and the ratio of polymorphism was as high as 97.46%, which indicated that the SSR markers selected were suitable for the genetic diversity clarification. The genetic similarity of the 50 tested materials ranged from 0.50 to 1.00, suggesting relative narrow genetic resources which they were derived from. The UPGMA cluster analysis indicated that all the materials could be assigned into three groups at genetic similarity of 0.63. Cluster Ⅰ contained 11 genotypes, 38 genotypes were assigned to Cluster Ⅱ while Cluster Ⅲ had only one genotype. ClusterⅠwas assigned into 2 subgroups at genetic similarity of 0.64, and cluster Ⅱwas assigned into 3 subgroups at genetic similarity of 0.67. Five pairs of SSR primer were successfully used to establish DNA fingerprints of the 50 tested materials by detecting 32 alleles. Marker StI005 alone could identify 32 genotypes, bi-marker combination of StI005/StI007 could detect 43 genotypes and tri-marker combination of StI005/StI007/S038 could distinguish 46 genotypes. The rest four cultivars, British Columbia and Congo as well as MacIntosh Black and Black Beauty, could be further identified by S072 and S038, respectively. All of the 50 pigmented potato materials were assigned to 44 genotypes, which indicated that some of them may have variant names. Use of the data in parental material selection is recommended.