香蕉A基因组6个品种的核型分析

 以6个A基因组香蕉（Musa spp.）品种为材料，采用改良的去壁低渗法对其核型特征进行分析。‘天宝蕉’（AAA）核型公式为2n = 3x = 33 = 3M + 27m（3SAT）+ 3sm，属“1A”核型；‘海南贡蕉’（AA）核型公式为2n = 2x = 22 = 2M + 18m（2SAT）+ 2sm，属“2A”核型；‘玫瑰蕉’（AA）、‘贡蕉’（AA）、‘抗枯1号’（AAA）和‘抗枯5号’（AAA）核型公式分别为2n = 2x = 22 = 2M + 16m（SAT）+ 2sm + 2st，2n = 2x = 22 = 4M + 16m（SAT）+ 2sm，2n = 3x = 33 = 6M + 15m（3SAT）+ 12sm和2n = 3x = 33 = 6M + 15m（3SAT）+ 12sm（3SAT），属“2B”核型。基于核型分析结果，绘制了6个香蕉品种的核型模式图。

Karyotype Analysis of Six Banana Cultivars in Relation to A Genomes

Karyotype analysis was performed to investigate the chromosome features of 6 banana (Musa spp.) cultivars in relation to A genomes by using the method of wall degradation hypotonic. Results showed that the analysed cultivars of diploid or triploid that contained only A genomes,viz. AA or AAA,varied in karyotype characteristics. The karyotype formula and its type were 2n = 3x = 33 = 3M + 27m(3SAT)+ 3sm and"1A"for‘Tianbaojiao’(AAA),2n = 2x = 22 = 2M + 18m(2SAT)+ 2sm and"2A"for’Hainan Gongjiao’(AA),respectively. The karyotype formula for‘Rose’(AA),‘Pisang Mas’(AA),‘Kangku 1’(AAA)and‘Kangku 5’(AAA)were 2n = 2x = 22 = 2M + 16m(SAT)+ 2sm + 2st,2n = 2 x = 22 = 4M + 16m(SAT)+ 2sm,2n = 3x = 33 = 6M + 15m(3SAT)+ 12sm,2n = 3 x = 33 = 6M + 15m(3SAT)+12sm(3SAT),respectively,whereas all these four cultivars exhibited a karyotype asymmetry of type"2B". The idiogram was established for the analysed banana cultivars.