4 份野生瓜类材料抗病性及形态特征和SSR 亲缘关系研究

 对4份野生瓜类材料进行抗病性鉴定、形态学性状调查、细胞学鉴定及SSR亲缘关系分析。结果表明，4份野生材料分别为野生红瓜[Coccinia grandis（L.）Voigt]，野生小马泡（Cucumis bisexualis A. M. Lu et G. C. Wang ex Lu et Z. Y. Zhang），野生栝楼（Trichosanthes L.）和野生红籽瓜（Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermusLin et Chao），染色体数依次为2n = 24，2n = 24，2n = 22，2n = 22。4份野生材料野生性状明显，部分食用价值低劣，难以直接利用，但其表现出植株生长茂盛，其中野生红瓜、野生栝楼和野生红籽瓜材料高抗枯萎病和白粉病，野生小马泡材料感枯萎病和白粉病。从130对SSR引物组合中筛选出15对引物分析供试材料，共得到271条清晰可辨条带，其中多态性条带124条，多态性条带百分率为45.8%。4份野生材料与4种瓜类（甜瓜、黄瓜、西瓜、南瓜）栽培品系间的相似系数为0.62 ~ 0.96。WINBOOT程序聚类分析表明，野生红瓜、野生小马泡、野生栝楼和野生红籽瓜分别与黄瓜、甜瓜、南瓜和西瓜亲缘关系最近。

The Study of Disease Resistant,Morphological Characteristics and Genetic Relationship Using SSR Markers in 4 Materials of Wild Cucurbit

The disease resistance identification,morphological characteristics,cytological identification and genetic relationships were analyzed using SSR markers for 4 materials of wild cucurbit. The results indicated that the 4 wild materials were wild lvy gourd[Coccinia grandis(L.)Voigt],wild bisexual cucumis(Cucumis bisexualis A. M. Lu et G. C. Wang ex Lu et Z. Y. Zhang),wild snakegourd (Trichosanthes L.),wild red-seed using watermelon(Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao),respectively. The chromosome numbers of 4 wild materials were 2n = 24,2n = 24,2n = 22, 2n = 22,respectively. The wild characters of 4 wild materials were obvious,and some of the experimental species can’t be used directly because of their poor-fruit quality,but they showed the exuberant vitality.The wild lvy gourd,wild snakegourd,wild red-seed using watermelon were high resistant accessions of the two diseases,and the wild bisexual cucumis was susceptible accession of fusarium wilt and powdery mildew. 15 pairs of SSR primer selected from 130 pairs of primer generated total of 271 bands,124 (45.8%)of which were polymorphic through the analysis of the investigated accessions. The genetic similarity coefficient among 4 materials of wild cucurbit and 4 kinds of cultivated cucurbit materials including melon,cucumber,watermelon and pumpkin ranged from 0.62 to 0.96. The WINBOOT software showed that the wild lvy gourd,wild bisexual cucumis,wild snakegourd and wild red-seed using watermelon had narrow genetic relationship with cucumber,melon,pumpkin and watermelon, respectively.