狮头鹅与乌鬃鹅Myostatin的序列和表达分析比较

Myostatin（MSTN）是调控肌肉生长发育的重要基因.本研究旨在分析该基因在广东地方鹅种狮头鹅和乌鬃鹅中序列和表达的差异.研究使用rapid-amplification of cDNA ends（RACE）技术克隆了两鹅种MSTN基因的ORF、5′和3′UTR序列，对序列进行生信分析，并对MSTN在两鹅种不同组织，及胚胎15、23 d和1 日龄的表达进行了检测. 结果发现，两鹅种MSTN基因的ORF区和3′UTR区DNA序列差异较小，5′UTR区差异较大，狮头鹅该区域存在35 bp DNA片段缺失. 两鹅种MSTN ORF区DNA和氨基酸序列与浙东白鹅、绿头野鸭和鸡一致性最高，DNA序列一致性在94.77%以上，氨基酸序列一致性在98.40%以上. MSTN在两鹅种1日龄的腿肌中特异高表达，在心、肝、脾、肺、肾和小肠中不表达或微量表达，在胚胎15 d到1日龄的腿肌中表达逐渐升高，自胚胎期23 d起，MSTN在乌鬃鹅中的表达显著高于狮头鹅.研究为进一步探究MSTN在两鹅种胚胎肌肉发育时期可能发挥的不同调控功能奠定了基础.

Sequence and expression comparison of Myostatin between Wuzong goose and Shitou goose

Myostatin (MSTN) is an important gene regulating muscle growth and development. The aim of this study is to analyze the sequence and expression differences of MSTN between two indigenous goose breeds-Wuzong goose and Shitou goose from Guangdong province. Full-length sequence of MSTN gene mRNA of two goose breeds were cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE) technology, analyzed using bioinformatic methods, and detected in different tissues, as well as the leg muscle expression of MSTN in embryo day 15, day 23 and 1st day after birth. The results showed that the ORF region and 3′UTR region of MSTN gene from the two goose breeds were highly conserved, while 5′UTR region were more different and there was 35 bp deletion in 5′UTR region in Shitou geese. The DNA and amino acid sequences of MSTN were highly conserved among the two geese, Zhejiang white goose, green head duck and chicken, with more than 94.77% of DNA sequence consistency and more than 98.40% amino acid sequence consistency. MSTN was highly expressed in the leg muscles of two goose breeds, but not in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and small intestine on the 1st day after birth. The expression of MSTN increased gradually from the 15th day of embryonic period to the 1st day after birth. From the 23rd day of embryonic period, the expression of MSTN in the leg muscle of Wuzong geese was significantly higher than that of Shitou geese. This study laid a foundation for further exploring the different regulatory functions of MSTN gene during muscle development of two goose breeds.