多花黄精根茎内生真菌的物种多样性研究

多花黄精是一种著名的中药材，其药用部位（根茎）含有多种内生真菌，是新化合物、新药源和生防制剂的潜在资源。为研究黄山市祁门县多花黄精根茎内生真菌的物种多样性，为其开发利用提供种质资源，采用组织分离法分离培养多花黄精根茎内生真菌，通过经典形态分类学并结合rDNA ITS序列比对鉴定分离得到的真菌，并进行物种多样性分析。结果表明，从多花黄精根茎中共分离出182株内生真菌，经鉴定为2门、5纲、13目、28科、33属和49种，另外有4株未确定其分类地位。其中子囊菌门(Ascomycota)为优势门，分离频率为83.52％；粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes)为优势纲，分离频率为59.34％；肉座菌目(Hypocreales)为优势目，分离频率为46.70％；优势科是麦角菌科(Clavicipitaceae)，分离频率为33.52％；Metapochonia是优势属，分离频率为33.52％。物种多样性研究结果表明黄山市祁门县多花黄精根茎的内生真菌物种丰富，群落结构复杂，且春季的多花黄精根茎内生真菌的Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson优势度指数和丰富度指数均高于夏季。

Study on species diversity of endophytic fungi in rhizome of Polygonatum cyrtonema

Polygonatum cyrtonema is a famous Chinese herbal medicine, and its medicinal part - rhizome contains a variety of endophytic fungi, which is the potential resource for new compounds, new drug sources and biocontrol preparations. In this study, in order to study the species diversity of endophytic fungi in rhizome of P. cyrtonema in Qimen County, Huangshan City to provide resources for its development and utilization, endophytic fungi from rhizome of P. cyrtonema were isolated and cultured by tissue isolation method and identified by classical classification combined with rDNA ITS sequences analysis and blast, and then their speices diversity was analyzed. As results, a total of 182 endophytic fungi were isolated from the rhizome of P. cyrtonema, which were identified as 2 phyla, 5 classes, 13 orders, 28 families, 33 genera and 49 species, and the other 4 strains had not been identified. Ascomycota was the dominant phylum, with a relative isolation frequency of 83.52%; Sordariomycetes was the dominant class, and the relative separation frequency was 59.34%; the relative isolation frequency of Hypocreales was 46.70%; the dominant family was Clavicipitaceae, with a relative separation frequency of 33.52%; Metapochonia was the dominant genus with a relative separation frequency of 33.52%. The results of speices diversity showed that the endophytic fungi were high species diversity and complex in community structure. The shannon-Wiener index, Pielou evenness index, Simpson dominance index and Margalef''s index of endophytic fungi in spring were higher than those in summer.