灰葡萄孢毒素的生物活性测定和除草活性成分分离研究

 分别用生长速率法和抑菌圈法测定灰葡萄孢毒素对部分植物病原真菌和细菌的抑菌活性,用浸渍法测定其杀虫活性,以杂草种子萌发和幼苗生长受阻为指标测定其除草活性。结果表明,灰葡萄孢毒素对小麦纹枯病菌、小麦根腐病菌和小麦赤霉病菌的抑制率分别为66.2%、61.6%和56.4%;对马铃薯环腐病和白菜软腐病病原细菌的抑菌圈直径分别为6和9 mm;对杂草和禾本科作物种子发芽均有抑制作用;在供试植物出苗3 d后喷施毒素,24 h对反枝苋和牵牛花等双子叶杂草幼苗毒杀活性达100%,而对禾本科的作物影响很小;对黏虫、小菜蛾和菜青虫

The Bioassay of Metabolite of Botrytis cinerea and Separation of Herbicidal Active Component

Fungistatic activities of metabolite of Botrytis cinerea to some pathogenic fungi and bacteria were bioassayedusing Growth-rate-determination method and Fungistatic-circle method respectively. Insecticidal activity of the metabolite wasdetected by maceration. And herbicidal activity of the metabolite was assayed and indicated by inhibition to seed germinationand seedling growth of weeds. The results show that the fungistatic rates of the metabolite to three pathogenic fungi, Rizoctoniacerealis,Cochlioblus sativus and Gibberella zeae, are 66.2%, 61.6% and 56.4% respectively. The Fungistatic circle diameters toErwinia carotovora and Clavibacter michiganensis ssp.sepedonicus are 6 mm and 9mm. Seed germination of all kinds of weedsand crops tested were restrained by the metabolite. But when the metabolite was sprayed on seedling,the killing rate of Amaranthusretroflerus L. and Pharbitis nil(L.)Choisy are up to 100% while the killing rate of wheat seedling is just 5.3% and of cornseedling is 0. One component with an absorbent peak at 312 nm was separated from the metabolite. The compound, ataconcentration of 100 mgL-1, can completely inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of Amaranthus retroflerus L.