家禽冷应激研究进展

冷应激是养禽业普遍存在的问题,对家禽生产性能、抗病的影响日益严重,对家禽冷应激的研究也在不断深入。本文对家禽冷应激时下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质激素、下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴的激素(T3、T4和T4/T3)、胰岛素和胰高血糖素、血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量、肥大细胞、血液淋巴细胞数量等改变进行了综述,提出了冷应激的预防和治疗措施。通过各品种家禽在冷应激时的不同的神经-内分泌的变化规律、体内各种酶变化规律及其基因表达,培育出耐寒、抗病、抗应激并具有较高的肉品、蛋品质量的家禽品种,是提高家禽抗应激能力的有效途径。

Progress on Cold Stress in Poultry

Cold stress is common problem in poultry industry. Intensive attention was paid on the reserch for its affection on poultry production and assistance to diseases. In this paper, changes of the neuroendocrine system(CORT, T_3, T_4 and T_4/ T_3, insulin and glucagon), the anti-oxidation system (TAOC, MDA), and the immune function (MC and blood lymphocyte number) caused by the cold stress were reviewed.Some measures of prevention and treatment of cold stress were introduced in this paper. In the future, by studying the cold stress mechanism, the changes of neuroendocrine and enzymes and their gene expression during the cold stress between different breeds will be revealed, which will be very important in breeding of livestock and poultry with characteristics of cold stress resistance, anti-diseases, and other stresses resistance. Also, the application of cold stress in certain livestock is beneficial to animal production.