唐菖蒲籽球发育特点及其碳水化合物代谢变化

为探讨唐菖蒲籽球发育特点及其碳水化合物代谢与籽球生长发育的关系,以品种Rose Supreme和Advanced Red为试材,研究了籽球生长发育进程和蔗糖、淀粉、可溶性糖、还原糖质量比及淀粉酶活性变化规律。结果表明,唐菖蒲籽球生长发育可分为籽球形态建成和籽球快速膨大期2个阶段。籽球形态建成初期,碳水化合物代谢水平较低,15周时,籽球内可溶性糖和蔗糖质量比分别达50和30 mg/g左右,还原糖质量比仅为16 mg/g,淀粉酶活性为3 mg/(g.min)左右。籽球快速膨大期,碳水化合物代谢水平较高,籽球内可溶性糖、蔗糖、还原糖含量快速上升,在种植后第22~23周达到峰值,分别为90、46和30 mg/g左右,淀粉酶活性下降到0.7 mg/(g.min)左右,淀粉积累速度加快;而接近半枯期时碳水化合物代谢速度减慢。碳水化合物代谢2品种相近,但籽球发育进程不同。因此,唐菖蒲碳水化合物代谢水平的高低与籽球生长发育进程密切相关。

Characteristics of growth and development of gladiolus cormels and its changes of carbohydrate metabolism

In order to understand the relation of carbohydrate metabolism with the growth and development of gladiolus cormels,we monitored the changes of soluble sugar,sucrose,reduced sugar and amylase during cormel development of bothRose Supreme and Advanced Red.The results indicated that there were two stages of morphologization and ex-pansion during cormel development.The contents of soluble sugar,sucrose,reduced sugar and amylase were about 50,30,16mg/g,3mg/(g.min),and90,46,30mg/g,0.7mg/(g.min) at the two stages respectively.Carbohy-drate metabolism slowed down with withering.Both varieties of gladiolus had a similar pattern of carbohydrate metabolism although their courses of growth and development were different.It is therefore suggested that the level of carbohydrate metabolism is closely related with the growth and development of gladiolus cormels.