土默川平原土壤盐渍化与盐生植物分布及盐分离子特征的研究

以土默川平原哈素海周边为研究区域,以盐渍化土壤与盐生植物为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法。对该区域土壤盐渍化与盐生植物分布及盐分离子特征进行了研究,得出以下结论:碱蒿可在ESP 11.75%、pH 9.45、土壤全盐量3.94g/kg处形成占较大优势的盐生植物。苔草可在ESP 16.79%、pH9.75、中度-重度盐渍化土壤、全盐量3.32g/kg～4.88g/kg形成占较大优势的分布。羊草可在ESP 12.63%、pH 9.70的土壤上形成优势分布。碱蓬可在ESP 10.75%、pH 9.83土壤上形成优势分布。獐茅是一种可在强碱化土壤生长的植物,能在苏打氯化物-硫酸盐盐土,含盐量8.39g/kg、ESP 24.34%、pH 9.80土壤上成为唯一优势植物。土壤和盐生植物中盐分离子比例特征是:钙为植物>土壤,硫酸根、镁为植物<土壤;苔草的盐分离子为拒"镁、硫酸根"特征;羊草的盐分离子为"喜碳酸氢根,拒氯"特征;碱蒿的盐分离子为"拒镁"特征;碱蓬的盐分离子是"喜氯"特征;獐茅的盐分离子是"喜氯、拒碳酸氢根"特征。

Soil salinization,halophyte distribution and salt-ion properties in the area around Hasuhai of Tumochuan plain

Using the method of field investigation combined lab analysis,we investigated soil salinization,halophyte distribution and salt ion properties at Hasuhai in Tumochuan plain.Results are as follows: Artemisia anethifolia grows in a soil condition of 11.75% of exchangeable sodium percentage(ESP),pH value 9.45 and soil salt content 3.94g/kg.Carex tristachya distributes in the soil conditions of moderate to severe salinization,16.79% in ESP,9.75 in pH value and 3.32-4.88 g/kg in soil salt content.In ESP 12.63%,pH 9.70 soil condition,the Leymus chinensis-based distribution is formed.Under ESP 10.75% and pH 9.83 soil condition,the Suaeda glauca-based distribution is formed.Aeluropus sinensis can grow in the severe salinization and alkalization soil.In the soda chloride-sulfate saline soil,soil salt content 8.39 g/kg,ESP 24.34%,and pH 9.80,the Aeluropus sinensis-based distribution is formed.And it is the only dominant plant.The rank of salt tolerance is Aeluropus sinensis>Carex tristachya>Suaeda glauca>Artemisia anethifolia>Leymus chinensis.The proportion of salt content in soil and plant is plant>soil for calcium,plant