新疆甘家湖湿地土地利用变化及其生态环境效应

应用1972-2008年3期遥感数据和GIS软件空间分析方法对新疆甘家湖湿地土地利用变化进行了分析,并采用生态环境质量指数模型建立了研究区各土地利用类型与生态环境质量之间的数量关系,分析了土地利用变化对生态环境质量的影响。结果表明:1972-2008年间,甘家湖湿地土地利用发生了较大的变化,沙地面积增加,且速度较快,沼泽地及水域面积减少,林地的内部转移量较大;生态环境质量指数具有下降趋势,下降的主要驱动力为林地和沼泽地面积的变化;甘家湖湿地土地利用的变化已经引起湿地功能退化,土壤质量下降,植被退化及土地沙化加剧等生态环境质量问题。

Land use dynamic change and associated effects on eco-environment in Ganjia lake wetland

Using the three periods of RS image data from 1972 to 2008,the land use change dynamic change information was derived with GIS software.Based on the land use database,an eco-environment quality index model was used to establish the quantitative relation between land use and its eco-environment effects.The results showed: the land use in Ganjia lake wetland was changed obviously from 1972 to 2008,sandy area was increased rapidly and marshland and water land area were decreased,there was a huge amount of internal metastasis of forest;The eco-environment quality index appeared decrease tendency and the area change of forest and marshland were the main driving forces;The eco-environment of Ganjia lake wetland has been disturbed and degraded.