基于RS和GIS的内蒙古达里诺尔湖1999-2010年动态监测

近10年来干旱和半干旱地区的内陆湖泊发生了巨大变化,有的稳定、有的萎缩,有的消失。文中以多时相LandSat TM/ETM+影像和早期1:5万地形图为数据源,选择内蒙古地区第二大湖泊达里诺尔为研究区域,从面积、变化率和空间分异特征等多个方面对该湖泊近12年的变化过程进行分析。结果表明:达里诺尔湖从1999年到2010年湖泊重心西移岸线的发育系数减小,面积由220.3389km2缩减到190.0944km2,面积缩减了30.2445km2,年平均变化率为-0.012479%;对邻近三个气象台站50年气象资料的分析表明,湖泊萎缩的主要因素是气温的升高,蒸发量的上升以及降水量的减少。

The dynamic monitoring of Dalinur Lake in Inner Mongolia during 1999-2010 based on RS and GIS

Many lakes in arid and semi-arid area in recent 10 years changed rapidly,some lakes shrunk,some lakes disappeared.Dalinur Lake is the second largest lake in Inner Mongolia.The area change rate and spatial variation of the lake in 12 years were analyzed by using the multi-temporal LandSat TM/ETM+ images and early 1:50000 topographic maps.The results were shown that from 1999 to 2010,the area of Dalinur Lake reduced from 220.3389km2 to 190.0944km2.The average annual rate of change was-0.012479%.The lake degraded along with the east and northeast.The growth factor of lakeshore line was decreasing.The major factors for the lake shrinkage were increased temperature and evaporation,and decreased precipitation.