汾河水库湿地植物区系组成及物种多样性研究

在野外78个植物样方调查数据的基础上,采用吴征镒、王荷生区系分析方法和丰富度指数(Ma、Pa)、均匀度指数(JP、EA)和综合多样性指数(H'、DS)分析方法,对汾河水库湿地植被物种区系成分和多样性进行了研究。结果表明:1)该湿地共有湿地植物72种,分别隶属于28科58属。优势科、单种属现象明显,其中以菊科(Compositae)种数为最多,植物水分生态类型多样,中生植物占有明显优势;2)植物分布区系类型多样,以世界分布属为主,占属总数的34.48%,反映了该湿地植被的隐域性特征明显,其次是北温带分布占总属数的24.14%,显示北温带区系的区域性;3)在研究区0～400m的范围内,随着离水库边缘距离的递增,物种多样性呈先增高后降低的趋势,且土壤水分条件是影响研究区物种多样性变化的主要环境因子。

Floristic composition and species diversity in the wetland of Fenhe reservoir,Shanxi

Based on data of the 78 plots vegetation field investigation,the floristic composition and species diversity in wetland of Fenhe reservoir were studied by using the methods of floristic elements,species richness index(Ma、Pa),evenness index(JP、EA)and species diversity index(H′、DS).The results showed that: 1) There are 72 species,belonging to 28 families and 58 genera.Dominant family and single-genera can be observed in the floristic composition.Compositae occupies a dominant position among the families.The flora has highly diverse of water ecological types.The mesophytes have distinct advantages;2) The distribution types flora are diverse,among them cosmopolitan type is predominant that accounts for 34.48% of the total genera,reflecting the zonal feature of the wetland vegetations.North temperate type occupies 24.14% of all the genera,revealing north temperate characteristics of the flora;3) Species diversity increases gradually and then decreases within the range of 0~400m with the increase of distance away from the reservoir edge.Soil moisture is the main environmental factor affecting species diversity.