准格尔露天矿区复垦对土壤细菌多样性的影响研究

运用PCR-DGGE技术对我国准格尔露天煤矿不同复垦时间土壤细菌组成及其多样性变化进行了研究,结果表明:1)复垦区的土壤细菌主要是厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、变形菌门、酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门和未知细菌类7类,其中,放线菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门为优势类群,占到全部细菌的81.2%;2)成功完成矿山土壤样品微生物总DNA提取和PCR-DGGE的分析检测,在69个测序序列中,不可培养细菌占到总数的62.3%;3)各复垦阶段存在共有细菌类群,但更多的细菌类群是随复垦时间不同而发生变化的。4)豆科-禾本科牧草种植区的土壤细菌多样性指数要高于乔灌草类型,这可能与豆科植物中丰富的根瘤菌利于土壤细菌生长发育有关。

Influence of soil bacterial diversity in the process of reclamation in Jungar open coal mine of Inner Mongolia

To better understand the impact of the composition and the changes of the soil bacteria on processes of reclamation in Jungar open coal mine of Inner Mongolia,PCR-DGGE method was applied in this study successfully.The phylogenetic affiliation of bacteria determined by 16S rDNA sequencing of cloned DNA fragments indicates that 69 soil bacterial sequences are mainly classified in 7 bacterial populations: Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes and unclassified bacteria,among which Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria are the most dominant covering 81.2% of total soil bacteria.Meanwhile,43 bacteria can not being cultured accounted for 62.3%,were tested by PCR-DGGE.At different phases of in Jungar open coal mine,some bacteria species are changing,while there are certain inherent bacteria taxa at each reclamation phase.The soil bacteria diversity index in the vegetation of Leguminosae and grasses is higher than that of trees,shrubs and herb,this may be relevant to rich leguminous plants.