我国近年旱情演变及其对农业造成的影响

旱灾是世界上影响面最广、造成农业损失最大的自然灾害类型。新中国成立以后,我国对旱灾虽然有一定的控制,但仍不断发生,对我国的农业尤其是粮食生产造成了严重影响。文中总结了自1999年以来,我国发生的重大旱灾以及其对国民经济尤其是农业造成的影响。同时收集了1978-2008年来全国旱灾的土地受灾面积、成灾面积、成灾率,以及全国农作物播种面积等相关数据,分析农业受旱灾的影响情况。研究表明,由于人为和自然的因素,近年来我国旱灾有加重的趋势,对此我们应该提高警惕,在加强生态环境保护的同时增强自身的抗旱能力。

The evolution of drought and its impact on agriculture in recent years

Drought has always been the most extensive natural disaster in the world,which caused the largest agricultural losses.After the estebishment of the new China,although our country had some control with the drought,but it still continued occurring and had a serious impact on China’s agriculture,especially the grain production.In this paper,we summarized the significant droughts and the impact on the national economy,especially on the agriculture since 1999.We also collected the data about the lands of drought affected area,disaster area,the disaster rate,and the national crop acreage and other relevant data from 1978 to 2008,and analyzed the impact situation of the drought.The research showed that drought has aggravated trend in China due to human and natural factors in recent years,so we should be vigilant and enhance the drought resistance ability strengthen the protection of ecological environment.