我国湿地分类与分布特征及水问题分析

 为探讨我国湿地的保护和合理利用问题,提出实用性较强的中国湿地类型分类系统;论述各类湿地的分布特征;分析我国湿地保护与利用中存在的水问题,如湿地生态需水严重短缺、水体污染加剧、泥沙淤积日益严重、生物多样性下降等;并以黑龙江扎龙湿地为例,对其主要水问题进行具体分析;提出破解湿地水问题的重要途径。

Classification of wetland and analysis on wetland distribution characteristics and water questions in China

China is one of countries with richest wetland resources. It plays a very important role in ensuring national eco-security and supporting sustainable development of economy and society to protect and reasonably utilize wetland. The practical classification system of wetland was put forward, and the distribution characteristics of wetland were discussed. Questions concerning water existing in wetland protection and utilization, such as serious shortage of ecological water requirement, water pollution, silt deposit and degradation of bio-diversi, ty were analyzed. Taking Zhalong wetland located in Heilongjiang province as a case, its specific questions concerning water were analyzed. Countermeasures of solving water questions of wetland was proposed.