油桐属与石栗属叶绿体的核酸、蛋白质及超微结构的初步研究

叶绿体超微结构是叶绿体形态和功能的重要内容之一。叶绿体除在光合作用中具有重要的功能外,在高等植物细胞质遗传中,作为细胞器也具有重要的作用。据估计,叶绿体DNA的信息量足以编码分子量为40000道尔顿的多肽约150—300个。不同种的叶绿体蛋白质存在差异。不同品种的叶绿体显微结构也存在明显差异。前文已发现油桐属和石栗属在叶片的核酸、蛋白质以及叶绿素含量上存在明显差异。本文试图对该两属的叶绿体超微结构及核酸和蛋白质含量进行比较研究,以提供进一步依据。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON CHLOROPLAST NUCLEIC ACID, PROTEIN AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF VERNICIA LOUR. AND ALEURITES J. R. ET FORST

This paper deals with the contents of DNA, RNA and protein of chloroplast and its ultrastructure for two species of Vernicia and one species of Aleurites. Chloroplasts of two genera are in shape of an egg, and in comparison with that of Aleurites, chloroplast of Vernicia is short and thick. Stroma lamella of chloroplast of the former genus is less than that of the latter one. There are many osmiophilic globuli in chloroplast of the former genus but osmiophilic globuli of the latter genus are not so abundant as the former one. There is no difference on content of chloroplast protein between Vernicia and Aleurites. But chloroplast DNA and RNA content of the former and their RNA/DNA ratio are higher than those of the latter. Vernicia Lour. have not been accepted for a long time, but these characters of chloroplast ultrastructure and results of biochemical analysis show that there is obvious difference between Vernicia and Aleurites, and recent separation of the two genera by Airy Shaw is reasonable.