新型雄性不育亚麻的杂种优势及温敏效应初探

在自然条件下，对亚麻雄性不育材料的不育性表现杂种优势及温敏效应进行了研究。结果表明，温度对不育性有重要影响，一定温度范围内，高温能使育性提高，结果率和结实率增加，低温使育性下降；结果率和结实率下降，同时还发现不同材料对温度的敏感程度不同。不育系与常规品种（系）杂交，杂种F1表现了较强的超亲势强，产量的平均优势率为39.73％，从产量构成因素看，单株果数的优势最为突出，对产量形成的影响最大，其次为有效分枝和千粒重，它们对产量形成也有一定影响；F1还表现了苗期生长速度快、多分枝多果及早熟的特性。通过该不育系利用杂种优势，将是提高亚麻产量的一条有效途径。

Heterosis of the New Male-sterile Flax and Sensitivity to Temperature

In the natural conditions,characteristic and sterility expression of several new male-sterile flax were studied,the results indicated that sterility expression were affected greatly by temperature,high temperature induced fertile,low temperature induced sterile,but sensitivity of different lines to temperature was obviously different.Male-Sterile lines were crossed with 30 varieties/lines,F₁ of hybridized combinations showed significant yield increase(average value of Hp is 39.73%),bolls per plant had an more important contribution to yields;F₁ shows ripens early,abloom early,polyanthus and more boll,too.It is a effective way to increase yields by utilizing the male sterile line.