沪灞国家生态文明先行示范区生态风险评价与管理

目的]开展城市生态风险评价研究,揭示景观格局变化对城市生态风险空间变化的影响,以期为西部地区绿色城镇化与城市生态建设提供决策参考.方法]选取西安市浐灞国家生态文明先行示范区为研究对象,以2004,2009,2014年的遥感数据为基础,开展生态景观格局变化分析,构建研究区生态风险指数,拟合区域生态风险变化,对研究区2014年生态风险和生态服务价值进行空间叠加和优化厘定,在分析生态风险的时空变化规律的同时给出研究区生态发展优化调控对策.结果]区域景观由原来农田景观控制的绝对状态变成多类型控制的城市景观,区域景观风险指数上升了25％,但区域生态系统服务价值上升了5.5％.结论]浐灞生态区成立10 a以来生态风险空间分布差异明显,但由于该区坚持生态立区策略,区内多建大型生态项目,虽然该区在短期内呈现出生态风险指数上升的问题,但随着项目完成建设,区域风险会回落到一个新的稳定状态,且区域生态系统服务价值上升,表明其生态策略有利于该区生态系统发展.

Ecological Risk Evaluation and Management of Chanba National Ecological Civilization Demonstration District

Objective] To provide decision-making reference for new city construction and the urban ecological construction in western areas by assessing the consequent results of ecological risk and urban ecological risk space from landscape pattern changes.Methods] Selecting Chanba Ecological District(abbreviated as CBE below) in Xi''an City as the research area, based on the remote sensing data of 2004, 2009, 2014, the ecological landscape pattern change and ecological service value was analyzed based on an ecological risk index system. After that, space superposition was carried out to analyze the spatial and temporal change of ecological risk. In the end, practicable measures of ecological development in the study area were presented.Results] The regional landscape changed from agricultural landscape to multiple urban landscape. Regional landscape risk index rose by 25%, but ecosystem service value rose by 55.5%.Conclusion] On the guideline of eco-development strategy, many ecological projects in this region had begun to be built and will go to run in the future, though a temporal ecological risk might appeared in the construction area,regional risk will drop and get a new stable state. Policy of ecological construction is thought good for the construction and development of regional ecosystems.