不同基因型麦糠对受体植物幼苗生长的化感效应

为了高效利用麦糠覆盖还田技术,采用室内生物检测的方法比较了7份不同基因型麦糠材料对生菜、马齿苋、谷子和玉米4种受体植物的化感效应。结果表明,不同基因型麦糠材料的化感作用与麦类作物的不同物种麦糠的化感作用平均表现均存在变异性和选择性。7份基因型麦糠对生菜、马齿苋、谷子和玉米幼苗总体表现为抑制作用,抑制率分别为51.0%～82.0%、17.0%～56.0%、11.0%～31.0%和2.0%～30.0%。麦糠材料抑制作用强弱顺序依次为:野生一粒小麦>法国黑麦>栽培二粒小麦>陕160>栽培一粒小麦>宁冬一号>野生二粒小麦;其中生物测试受体对麦糠的敏感性顺序依次为生菜>马齿苋>谷子>玉米。麦类作物中一粒小麦和二粒小麦抑制作用趋同,而黑麦和普通小麦抑制作用相近,但二粒小麦和现代小麦麦糠覆盖分别能促进谷子和玉米幼苗的生长。4类麦类物种麦糖总体表现为抑制作用,强弱顺序依次为:黑麦>一粒小麦>二粒小麦>普通小麦。对生菜、马齿苋、谷子和玉米4种受体植物的麦糠化感生物评价进行二次曲线回归分析发现,各测试材料的麦糠化感作用的影响因子之间均存在显著相关性,表明4个测试生物受体对不同基因型麦糠材料的化感作用及其4类麦类作物物种的麦糠化感作用平均表现均能准确地得到评价。

Allelopathic Effect of Triticeae Glume of Different Species on Seedling Growth of Receptor Plants

Allelopathic effects of (triticeae) glume of 7 genotype species on four tested acceptors of (lettuce), (Portulaca) oleracea, (millet) and maize was analyzed and compared via biological assessment in the (laboratory). The variation and selectivity were detected in the allelopathic effect of (different) genotypes and the (integrated) allelopathic potential of (triticeae) glume of (different) species. The (inhibitive) effect on four (acceptors) was caused by (triticeae) glume of all seven speices at the comprehensive (level), their (inhibitive) rates were 51.0%~82.0%, 17.0%~56.0%, 11.0%~31.0%, and (2.0%~)(30.0%), respectively. (Allelopathy) in (triticeae) glume of (different) species showed an (inhibitive) discrepancy of Triticum boeoticum L> French. Secale cereale L. > Triticum (dicoccum) S.> Shan 160 > Triticum (monococcum) L.>Ningdong 1> Triticum (dicoccoides) K., Among which the susceptivity of (triticeae) glume declined with (lettuce), (Portulaca) oleracea, (millet) and maize. There was a similar (allelopathic) potential of diploid and tetraploid wheat glumes, Secale and Triticum aestivum. However, the glume coming from diploid wheat and the modern common wheat will respectively promote the growth and development of (millet) and maize (evidently). An (inhibitive) effect was manifested in the four species of (triticeae) with an (increasing) order as Triticum aestivum, tetraploid, diploid, and Secale. The regression analysis of conic curve was conducted according to the reaction index by the bioassay of the four tested acceptors, which suggested that there is a significant (relationship) between of (relation) coefficient of (allelopathic) effect from all (triticeae) materials. Therefore, the (allelopathic) effect of (different) genotypes and the (integrated) (allelopathic) (potential) of four species of (triticeae) glume can been (appropriately) appraised through the four tested acceptors.