宁夏农村面源污染现状调查分析结果初报

通过调查监测,宁夏农村面源污染的主要来源集中体现在化肥污染、农药污染、畜禽粪便污染、农膜污染及农村生活污染5个方面,但其影响和污染主要表现在对水环境和土壤环境的污染上。其中,对水环境的污染形式则是通过地表径流和地下淋溶把过剩的氮、磷、有机农药、无机盐等带到地表水和地下水中,致使地表水富营养化,破环水生态环境,鱼虾难以生存。对土壤环境的污染形式是通过农业投入品超量施入,在改变土壤物理性状、破环土壤通透性、造成土壤板结、粘结的同时,造成重金属离子和病原菌的积累,给农产品质量安全带来危害。

Preliminary Report on Investigation and Analysis Result of Current Situation of Rural Non-point Source Pollution in Ningxia

Based on an investigation and monitoring,the main sources of Ningxia rural non-point source pollution includes the five aspects of chemical fertilizer pollution, pesticide pollution, livestock and poultry manure pollution, agricultural plastic film pollution and rural domestic pollution. But the impact and pollution were mainly manifested in the pollution of water environment and soil environment. The form of pollution of the water environment was bringing excess nitrogen, phosphorus, organic pesticides and inorganic salt to the surface water and underground water by the surface runoff and underground leaching,it caused the surface water eutrophication,the destruction of the aquatic ecological environment and made the fish and shrimp hard to survive. The form of pollution of the soil environment was changing the soil physical characteristic, destroying the soil permeability, causing soil compaction and bond,and causing the accumulation of heavy metal ions and pathogenic bacteria by excessive application of agricultural inputs, and it brought harms to the quality and safety of agricultural products.