乌拉坦对鲫的麻醉效果

在鲫Carassius。啪￡峪适宜生存温度（室温为15—25℃）条件下，研究了10、20、30、40、50g／L的乌拉坦（Urethane）溶液（pH为7．0＋0．44）对鲫（体质量为230g±9．46g）的麻醉效果，探讨了乌拉坦对水生动物的麻醉作用，并提供日常实用的麻醉参数。结果表明：乌拉坦浓度为10～50g/L时，麻醉时间随着乌拉坦浓度的增大而缩短，复苏时间随着乌拉坦浓度的增大而延长，但浓度为50g／L时与浓度为40g／L时相比，鲫的复苏时间无显著性差异（P〉O．05）；浓度为10-40∥L时，各组鲫的复苏率均为100％，浓度为50g/L时，鲫的复苏率为88％；浓度为10-50g/L时，各组鲫7d的存活率均为100％。鲫在不同浓度（10～50g／L）的乌拉坦溶液中药浴一定时间后，将其暴露于空气中，经过一定时间后鲫可自动苏醒而弹起。其中除50g／L浓度组与40g／L浓度组之间，鲫的弹起时间无显著差异（P〉0．05）外，其余浓度组之间鲫的弹起时间均有显著差异（P〈0．05）；各浓度组药浴时间为10min与5min之间，鲫的弹起时间无显著差异（P〉0．05），10g／L组的药浴时间为25min与20min之间，鲫的弹起时间无显著差异（P〉0．05），各浓度组其余药浴时间之间均有显著差异（P〈0．05）。各试验组鲫7日存活率均为100％。药浴后的鲫能够恢复正常行为状态，表明乌拉坦对鲫行为的影响无明显的后遗效应。综合各项试验结果，表明乌拉坦对鲫的麻醉安全浓度为40g／L。

The anesthetic effects of Urethane on adult crucian carp Carassius auratus

The anesthetic effects of various concentrations （10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g/L） of Urethane on adult crucian carp Carassius auratus with body weight of 230 g±9.46 g were studied by bath at room temperature （ 15-25 ℃ ） to provide the practical anesthesia parameters. The results showed that the anesthesia time was reduced with the concentration increase and the recovery time was lengthened （P〈0.05） at concentration of 10-50 g/L, without significant difference compared to 40 g/L （P〉0.05）. Within the concentration of 10-40 g/L, the fish in all groups had 100% of recovery, whereas the fish in the 50 g/L group had 88% of recovery rate. Within the concentration of 10-50 g/L, the fish in all groups had 100% of survival rate in 7 days, indicating that the anesthetic safety concentration was 40 g/L. The multi-comparison showed a significant relationship between concentration and drug bath time in bounce time on the crucian carp in air except the two concentration group （50 g/L and 40 g/L）. There were no significant differences between the drug bath time in all groups （10 min and 5 min）, and the drug bath time at 10 g/L for 25 min and 20 min （ P〉0.05 ）. The Urethane was found to have the valid anesthetic effects on crucian carp in a short time in acute experiments, and used as a kind of effective fish anesthetic.