吉林延龄草种子内源抑制物质初步研究

为探讨吉林延龄草种子内源抑制物质生理活性及种子中抑制物质的去除方法,采用乙酸乙酯、甲醇、水提取吉林延龄草种子并测定其提取物对白菜、水稻幼苗生长的抑制活性,用温水(25,35,45℃)浸种并测定各批次浸提液抑制活性,结果表明,吉林延龄草种子浸提液(乙酸乙酯提取液除外)对白菜幼根及胚轴,水稻幼根均有显著抑制作用,且抑制物质的活性随着提取物浓度的增加而增强,吉林延龄草种子水提取液(C)对白菜和水稻幼苗生长的抑制活性高于甲醇提取液(B)的生物活性,吉林延龄草种子乙酸乙酯提取液对白菜和水稻幼苗无显著抑制作用(p＞0.05),吉林延龄草种子经乙酸乙酯、甲醇溶液提取后,再经蒸馏水提取获得的水提液Ⅱ(E)对白菜和水稻幼苗生长的抑制活性减弱;温水浸泡可将其内源抑制物质浸提出来,且随着浸种时间的增加,浸提液对白菜幼根及胚轴的抑制作用呈现先增加而后逐渐降低的趋势.25℃蒸馏水浸泡种子第5天浸提液抑制作用达到最大,对白菜幼根及胚轴的抑制作用分别达到65.89％和25.69％,35℃蒸馏水浸泡种子第3天浸提液抑制作用达到最大,对白菜幼根及胚轴的抑制作用分别达到82.14％和59.93％,45℃蒸馏水浸泡种子第2天浸提液抑制作用达到最大,对白菜幼根及胚轴的抑制作用分别达到90.62％和83.86％.综合分析表明,吉林延龄草种子中存在活性较高的内源抑制物,用45℃温水浸泡可有效除去种子内源抑制物质.

The Study on Endogenous Inhibitors of Trillium kamtschaticum Seeds

The aims of this work were to study bioassay of endogenous germination inhibitors and the removal methods of inhibitors in Trillium kamtschaticum seeds.The T.kamtschaticum seeds were extracted by the ethyl acetate,the methanol,the water and the effect of solvent extracts of its seeds on Chinese cabbage and rice seedlings was measured.The seeds were steeped with the warm water of 25 ℃,35 ℃,45 ℃ and the inhibitory activity of the extract of the different period was studied.The results showed that the extracts (except ethyl acetate extract) of T.kamtschaticum seeds had significant inhibitory effects on hypocotyl and radicle length of Chinese cabbage seedlings,and the radicle length of rice seedlings as compared with the controls,and the inhibitory ratio increased with ascend ing concentration of each extract.The inhibitory effect of water extract (C) was significant higher than methanol extract (B),and the ethyl acetate extract hardly had inhibition at any concentration(p ＞ 0.05).The seed was extracted using the different solvents in sequence:ethyl acetate then methanol and distilled water.The inhibitory effect of water extract Ⅱ (E) significantly decreased as compared with water extract Ⅰ (C).The inhibitors in its seed could be extracted by soaking with the warm water.With the increase of soaking seed time,the inhibitory effect showed it first increased and then gradually reduced.The water extract at 25 ℃ reached the maximum inhibitory effect of radicle and hypocotyl lengths of Chinese cabbage for the 5 day extraction period,when inhibition ratios of the radicle and hypocotyl length were 65.89 ％ and 25.69％,respectively.The water extract at 35 ℃ reached the maximum inhibitory effect of radicle and hypocotyl lengths of Chinese cabbage for the 3 day extraction period,when inhibition ratios of the radicle and hypocotyl length were 82.14％ and 59.93 ％,respectively.The water extract at 45 ℃ reached the maximum inhibitory effect of radicle and hypocotyl lengths of Chinese cabbage for the 2 day extraction period,when inhibition ratios of the radicle and hypocotyl length were 90.62％ and 83.86％,respectively.These results suggested that there were inhibitory substances in T.kamtschaticum seeds and the endogenous inhibitors could be removed effectively by soaking with the warm water (45 ℃).