不同年限对沙芥属植物种子寿命及贮藏物质的影响

以1~10年的沙芥和斧形沙芥种子为试验材料,观测种子萌发和主要贮藏物质的变化,探讨沙芥属植物种子寿命及贮藏物质变化规律.结果表明,随着贮藏年限的增加,沙芥和斧形沙芥种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,以贮藏2~4年时数值较高,沙芥和斧形沙芥种子分别从第5年和第7年开始发芽率低于50%.随着年限的增加,沙芥和斧形沙芥种子的可溶性糖和淀粉含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,还原糖和可溶性蛋白质逐渐降低,沙芥种子粗脂肪含量有所下降,而斧形沙芥种子粗脂肪含量的变化趋势不明显.沙芥种子平均寿命为4~5年,斧形沙芥种子平均寿命为6~7年,均为中命种子,在农业生产中使用年限为2~4年.

Effect of Seed Longevity and Storage M aterial in Pugionium Gaertn at Different Storage Years

The germination indexes and main storage material of seed in P .cornutum (L .) Gaertn .and P .dolabratum Maxim .storage for 1 to 10 years were investigated ,and discussing the seed longevity and the change of storage material .The results showed that :The seed germination rate of P .cornutum (L .) Gaertn .The seeds germination rate ,germination force ,germination index and vigor index in-creased at first and kept for 2 years then decreased with the extension of time .The content of soluble sugar and starch increase at first and then decreased with the extension of time .The content of reduc-ing sugar and soluble protein reduced gradually .The content of crude fat of P .cornutum (L .) Gaertn . also declined ,but there was no obvious change in the P .dolabratum Maxim .The seed average longevi-ty of P .cornutum (L .) Gaertn .was 4 -5 years ,while the seed average longevity of P .dolabratum Maxim .was 6 -7 years ,both of them belong to medium longevity ,the workable lifetime was 2 -4 years in the agricultural production .