蒲公英水不溶性膳食纤维提取工艺研究

目的]为蒲公英深加工提供依据。方法]以蒲公英为试材，对料液比、碱液浓度、反应温度及提取时间等4个因素进行了单因素试验，再通过正交试验确定了最佳工艺条件。结果]单因素试验表明，随着料液比、碱液浓度、反应温度及提取时间的增大，膳食纤维产率呈先增大后减小的趋势。当料液比为1：10，碱液浓度浓度为0．5mol／L，反应温度为65℃，反应时间为2．5h时，产率最高。正交试验结果表明，料液比和碱液浓度为主要影响因素。最佳提取条件为：料液比1：10，碱液浓度0．5mol／L，温度65℃，反应时间2．5h，产率为56．75％。水不溶性膳食纤维的持水力为7．27g/g、溶胀度为1．00ml／g。结论]得到了蒲公英水不溶性膳食纤维的最佳提取工艺条件，提取率为56．75％。

Study on Extraction Process of Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Taraxacum

Objective] The aim was to provide the basis for the further processing of Taraxacum.Method] With Taraxacum as the tested material,the single factor test was made for 4 factors such as ratio of material to solution,alkaline concn.,reaction temperature and reaction time.Then through orthogonal test the optimum process was determined.Result] The result of single factor test showed that,with the increase of ratio of material to solution,alkaline concn.,reaction temperature and reaction time,the yield rate of dietary fiber had the tread of first increasing then decreasing.When the ratio of material to solution was 1∶10,alkaline concn.was 0.5 mol/L,reaction temperature was 65 ℃,reaction time was 2.5 h,the yield rate was the highest.The result of orthogonal test showed that: ratio of material to solution and alkaline concn.was the main influencing factors.The optimum extracting condition was that the ratio of material to solution was 1∶10,alkaline concn.was 0.5 mol/L,reaction temperature was 65 ℃,reaction time was 2.5 h and the yield rate was 56.75%.The water holding capacity of insoluble dietary fiber was 7.27 g/g and its swelling ratio was 1.00 ml/g.Conclusion] The optimum extraction condition for insoluble dietary fiber was obtained and the yield rate was 56.75%.