陕西茶树地方种质资源特征性生化成分分析

为了发掘新的茶树种质资源，对陕西省10个地区88份茶树资源的特征性生化成分进行了测定评价和遗传多样性分析。结果表明，88份茶树种质资源的生化成分变异幅度大，氨基酸、茶多酚、咖啡碱和水浸出物含量及酚氨比平均变异系数为28.00%，遗传多样性指数（H''）变幅为1.96～2.08，均值为2.01。聚类分析发现，当欧氏距离为15时，88份资源可分为4大类复合组，无独立组存在。根据生化成分含量，可以从中初步筛选出高咖啡碱资源1份、低咖啡碱资源1份和低茶多酚资源1份，为今后的生产和育种提供利用。

Characteristic biochemical analysis of tea germplasm resources in Shaanxi Province

In order to explore the new germplasm resources of tea plants, the characteristic biochemical components and the genetic diversity of 88 tea plants in 10 regions of Shaanxi Province were measured and evaluated. The results showed that the biochemical components of 88 tea germplasm resources had a large variation range. The average coefficient of variation (CV) of amino acids content, polyphenols content, caffeine content, water extract and ratio of polyphenols to amino acids (TP/AA) was 28.00% among 88 germplasms. Genetic diversity indexes (H'') of these four indicators ranged from 1.96 to 2.08, and the mean value was 2.01. The cluster analysis found that when the Euclidean distance was 15, 88 resources could be divided into 4 categories of compound groups, without independent group. According to the contents of biochemical components, one part of high caffeine germplasms, one part of low caffeine germplasms and one part of low tea polyphenols germplasms can be preliminarily selected from 88 wild tea plants for future production and breeding.