补充营养对番茄潜叶蛾成虫寿命和产卵量的影响

番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)是一种世界性检疫性害虫, 于2017年入侵我国。为了更好地在实验室内饲养该害虫, 获得大量供试虫源, 本文针对番茄潜叶蛾成虫取食不同外源营养对其产卵量及寿命的影响进行了研究。结果表明, 番茄潜叶蛾雌成虫在取食5%蜂蜜水、5%葡萄糖水和5%蔗糖水后, 平均单雌产卵量较对照组均有提高, 分别为(263.4±13.17)粒、(175.6±8.78)粒和(147.4±7.37)粒。补充不同营养对番茄潜叶蛾雌雄成虫寿命的影响有显著性差异;其中补充5%蜂蜜水和5%蔗糖水时, 雌成虫寿命分别为(23±1.15)d和(22±1.1)d, 高于5%葡萄糖水和清水对照处理。补充5%蜂蜜水时, 雄成虫寿命最长, 为(21±1.05)d, 高于其他处理;而5%蔗糖水和5%葡萄糖水处理下雄成虫最长寿命均为(18±0.9)d;清水对照处理下的雄成虫寿命最短, 仅为(14±0.7)d。且每个处理下的雄成虫寿命均低于雌成虫。综上所述, 5%蜂蜜水对番茄潜叶蛾成虫寿命及产卵量具有显著影响, 可作为成虫补充营养的最佳选择。

Effects of nutrition supplementation on the longevity and fecundity of Tuta absoluta

The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), has become a global quarantine pest that has invaded China in year 2017. To obtain a robust and sustainable insect source, the impact of various nutritional supplements on the fecundity and longevity of T. absoluta adult was investigated. The results showed that the average number of eggs laid per female was higher when adults were supplemented with 5% honey [ (263.4±13.17) eggs], 5% glucose [ (175.6±8.78) eggs], and 5% sucrose [ (147.4±7.37) eggs]. The survival duration of male and female adult of T. absoluta was notably influenced by the consumption of various nutrient sources. The longevity of female adults supplemented with 5% honey and 5% sucrose was (23±1.15) d and (22±1.1) d, respectively, higher than the treatment of 5% glucose and water control. Moreover, in the 5% honey treatment, their survival time was (21±1.05) d, which was higher than in other treatments, while it was (18±0.9) d in 5% sucrose and 5% glucose. The shortest survival time was observed in the water control treatment, with only (14±0.7) d. The survival durations of male adults under each treatment were lower than those observed in female adults. In summary, 5% honey had a significant effect on the lifespan and egg production of T. absoluta adults and can be considered the best choice for adult supplementation.