不同波长光对普通大蓟马成虫寿命、繁殖力及抗氧化酶活性的影响

普通大蓟马Megalurothrips usitatus是豆科作物的重要害虫。化学药剂的过度使用使该虫产生了极高的抗药性, 并且产生农药残留、环境污染等诸多问题。光控技术是防治害虫绿色、安全、高效的重要手段之一, 目前尚未得到充分的开发与利用。本研究探究了7种波长（360、420、460、580、610、650 nm和730 nm）的光对普通大蓟马成虫寿命、繁殖力及体内抗氧化酶活性的影响, 明确其在不同光环境下的适应性机理。结果表明, 与全光谱波长光照相比, 420 nm波长下雄成虫寿命最长, 730 nm波长下最短, 其余供试波长光对雌雄虫寿命影响不显著(P>0.05);460～730 nm波长的光对蓟马产卵量都有显著影响(P<0.05), 除730 nm外, 其余波长光均能显著降低蓟马的产卵量(P<0.05);不同波长光处理下普通大蓟马抗氧化酶活性存在差异, 与全光谱光照相比, 360、420 nm和460 nm波长光处理显著降低了PPO和SOD活性(P<0.05), 相关性分析发现, PPO活性与波长显著正相关(P<0.05), 并且SOD活性与CAT、PPO活性显著正相关(P<0.05)。本研究认为短波长光是控制普通大蓟马生长发育及生理生化水平的关键因子, 研究结果可为揭示普通大蓟马种群发生动态规律及绿色光控技术的研发及应用奠定理论基础。

Effects of different wavelengths of light on life span, fecundity, and antioxidant enzyme activity of Megalurothrips usitatus

Megalurothrips usitatus is an important pest of legume crops. Overuse of chemical pesticides has resulted in high levels of resistance and numerous issues such as pesticide residue and environmental pollution. As an important means for green, safe and efficient pest control, light control technology remained underdeveloped and underutilized. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different wavelengths of light （360, 420, 460, 580, 610, 650 nm and 730 nm） on the longevity, reproductive capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activity of M.usitatus, while also elucidating adaptive mechanisms under different light environments. The results showed that, compared to full-spectrum wavelengths, male longevity was longest at the wavelength of 420 nm, while shortest at 730 nm. The other tested wavelengths had no significant effect on the lifespan of both males and females (P>0.05). Illumination ranging from 460 nm to 730 nm wavelengths had a significant effect on the number of eggs laid by M.usitatus (P<0.05), with all tested wavelengths except 730 nm significantly reducing egg production (P<0.05). There were differences in the antioxidant enzyme activity of M.usitatus adults which emerged in different light environments. Illumination at 360 nm, 420 nm and 460 nm wavelength significantly decreased the activity levels of PPO and SOD compared to full-spectrum wavelengths (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that PPO activity was significantly positively correlated with wavelength (P<0.05), while SOD was significantly positively correlated with CAT and PPO (P<0.05). This study suggests that short-wavelength light is a key factor in controlling the growth, development, and physiological and biochemical aspects of M.usitatus. These results provide a theoretical basis for revealing the population dynamics of M.usitatus and the development and application of green light-controlled technology.