Interactions between Widely Spaced Young Poplars (Populus spp.) and the Understorey Environment |
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Authors: | G B Douglas A S Walcroft S E Hurst J F Potter A G Foote L E Fung W R N Edwards C van den Dijssel |
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Institution: | (1) AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand;(2) HortResearch, Private Bag 11030, Palmerston North, New Zealand;(3) Edwards Industries, P.O. Box 227, Otaki, New Zealand;(4) Landcare Research, Private Bag 11052, Palmerston North, New Zealand |
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Abstract: | Silvopastoral systems involving poplars are common to rural landscapes in many parts of New Zealand. The effect of widely
spaced trees of Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii, aged 8–11 years, on the surrounding micro-environment in a tree-pasture system was determined over 3 years at a southern
North Island hill country site. Relative to open (unshaded, no trees) pasture, understorey pasture received 33% less radiation
while radiation on the north side of trees (North) was similar to that on the south side of trees (South). Around one tree,
soil temperature averaged 14.9°C annually on the North and 13.8°C on the South. Soil water content was highest in spring and
winter (0.35–11;0.39 m3 m−3) and lowest in summer and autumn (0.21–11;0.26 m3 m−3), and differences occurred between plots in open pasture and those beneath trees in all seasons except spring. Soil water
content of tree aspects differed slightly (<10%) in summer (South > North) and autumn (North > South), but not in spring and
winter, when contents were similar. Soil pH was 0.2 units higher beneath trees than in open pasture in one of 2 years. Concentrations
of Ca, K, Mg, P, and S were similar in tree and open environments. The study results complement those collected for mature
trees, and will be useful in developing tree-pasture models. |
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Keywords: | Hill country Shade Silvopastoral system Soil conservation Soil water content |
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