基于水盐平衡的绿洲灌区次生盐碱化防治研究

土壤次生盐碱化是威胁新疆绿洲灌区持续发展的关键因子。以位于塔里木河流域的渭干河灌区为例,在简要分析灌区水盐运移的控制因素基础上,以水盐均衡原理为指导,深入剖析了灌区-田块-作物根系3个尺度的土地盐分均衡特点及其相互关系,重点估算了淋洗需水量,简要讨论了次生盐碱化的驱动因子,最后从政策、技术与经济方面给出了控制次生盐碱化的对策。

Secondary Salinization Control Based on Hydro-Salinity Balance in Oasis Irrigation Area

Soil secondary salinization poses a substantial threat to irrigated agriculture in oasis irrigation districts,Xinjiang.Taking Weigan river irrigation district located in the Tarim basin as an example,with a brief analysis of the controlling factors in irrigated areas,the characteristics of hydro-salinity balance and their effects at three scales(namely,irrigation area scale,farmland scale and soil profile scale) are analyzed deeply based on the hydro-salinity principles.The leaching water requirement is calculated and discussed extensively.The driving factors of soil secondary salinization are surveyed and the corresponding strategies countermeasures to control soil salinization and promote sustainable agriculture are proposed.We conclude that the improvement of water utilization rate and maintaining necessary leaching water requirement are the key methods to control soil secondary salinization.