60Co-γ射线辐照德国鸢尾杂交种子的生物效应

为探索60Co-γ射线辐照对德国鸢尾杂交种子的影响,用0(对照)、20、40、60、80 Gy剂量的60Co-γ射线辐照德国鸢尾杂交种子,研究不同辐照剂量对其萌发率、成苗率的影响及其M1部分表型变异的诱变效应.结果表明,20和40 Gy60Co-γ射线辐照后,种子萌发率分别为68.33％和87.91％,显著高于对照(41.25％);60和80 Gy 60Co-γ射线辐照后,种子萌发后的成苗率分别为70.72％和68.37％,显著低于对照(96.29％),且存在显著的致死效应;60和80 Gy辐照剂量可显著缩短M1的叶长和叶宽,其中60Gy还可显著降低M1旗瓣宽度,提高旗瓣长宽比.综上,20 ～40 Gy辐照剂量可以改善德国鸢尾种子萌发率,60～ 80 Gy可以作为德国鸢尾杂交种子的诱变剂量.本研究结果为利用60Co-γ射线改善德国鸢尾杂交种子萌发率和开展辐照诱变育种提供了一定参考.

Biological Effects of 60Co-γ Ray Irradiation on the Hybrid Seeds of Iris germanica

In order to explore the irradiation effects of 60Co-γ ray on hybrid seeds of Iris germanica,variations in germination and seedling survival rate of the hybrid seeds irradiated by 5 different dosages (0,20,40,60,and 80 Gy) of 60Co-γ ray,and some horticultural traits of the Mt were investigated in the present study.The results indicated that the germination rate of seed irradiated by 20 Gy and 40 Gy 60Co-γ ray was respectively 68.33％ and 87.91％,markedly higher than the control (41.25％),but seedling survival rate was not significantly affected.Compared with the control (96.29％),the seedling survival rates of the hybrid seeds exposed to 60 and 80 Gy sharply was decreased to 70.72％ and 68.37％,respectively,thus indicating a significant lethal effect to some extent.Subjected to irradiation with 60 and 80 Gy 60Co-γ ray,leaf length and leaf width of the M1 plants were reduced significantly,moreover a notable decrease in standard petal width and increase in standard petal length were found for 60 Gy 60Co-γ rays in the M1 plants.Therefore,irradiation by 20 to 40 Gy 60Co-γray could improve seed germination,and mutagenesis could be induced by 60 to 80 Gy 60Co--γ rays irradiation.The findings provide a reference for future seed germination improving and irradiation breeding in Iris germanica.